Risk classification for the transmission of vaccine-preventable diseases in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil: 2018 to 2022.

Autor: Rodrigues da Silva TP; Department of Nursing in Women's Health, School of Nursing Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.; Department of Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil., Moreira CM; Department of Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil., Souza JFA; Department of Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.; Superintendence of Epidemiological Surveillance, Secretaria de Estado de Saúde de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil., Fernandes EG; PhD in Collective Health from the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo-FMUSP, Department of Immunopreventable Diseases, Director of the National Immunization Program, Ministry of Health, Health and Environmental Surveillance Secretariat, São Paulo, Brazil., Gurmão JD; Superintendence of Epidemiological Surveillance, Secretaria de Estado de Saúde de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil., de Melo Araújo AC; Department of Immunopreventable Diseases, General Coordinator for Scientific Incorporation and Immunization, Ministry of Health, Secretariat for Health and Environmental Surveillance, General Coordinator for Scientific Incorporation and Immunization, PhD in Nursing from the State University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil., Vimieiro AM; Superintendence of Epidemiological Surveillance, Secretaria de Estado de Saúde de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil., Matozinhos FP; Department of Maternal and Child Nursing and Public Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2024 Dec 05; Vol. 19 (12), pp. e0311932. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Dec 05 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0311932
Abstrakt: The National Immunization Program (PNI) is one of Brazil's most significant public health interventions. However, recent years have witnessed a progressive decline in vaccination coverage despite the success of the PNI and the expansion of Primary Health Care (PHC), the main point of entry for the population into health services. To address this challenge, broader strategies are needed, such as identifying areas at high risk for the transmission of vaccine-preventable diseases. This study aimed to analyze the risk classification for the transmission of vaccine-preventable diseases in the 853 municipalities of Minas Gerais, Brazil, from 2018 to 2022. This epidemiological time-series study uses secondary data on vaccination coverage, dropout rates, and homogeneity of the recommended immunobiologicals for children under 2 years of age from 2018 to 2022 in Minas Gerais. We obtained the data from the National Immunization Program Information System (SIPNI). The study highlighted a decline in vaccination coverage from 2018 to 2021, with a significant drop following the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. According to the risk classification for the transmission of vaccine-preventable diseases, the proportion of municipalities classified as high and very high risk remained stable from 2018 to 2019, increased from 2019 to 2020 and from 2020 to 2021, and decreased from 2021 to 2022. We observed the public health impact not only regarding COVID-19 but also on most vaccine-preventable diseases. Given the scenario of declining vaccination coverage and the risk of a resurgence of vaccine-preventable diseases exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, health services must implement public health strategies to mitigate this situation. Risk classification proved to be an effective methodology for prioritizing locations for health interventions. It enabled the analysis of the vaccination scenario in the state following the implementation of a participatory action research project conducted jointly by academia and health services.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
(Copyright: © 2024 Rodrigues da Silva et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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