Epidemiology of canine ehrlichiosis and molecular characterization of Erhlichia canis in Bangladeshi pet dogs.

Autor:	Kabir A; Department of Microbiology & Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh., Chouhan CS; Department of Medicine, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh., Habib T; Department of Microbiology & Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh., Hossain MZ; Doctor of Veterinary Medicine, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh., Raihan A; Doctor of Veterinary Medicine, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh., Yeasmin F; Department of Medicine, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh., Siddique MP; Department of Microbiology & Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh., Rahman AKMA; Department of Medicine, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh., Nahar A; Department of Medicine, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh., Rahman MS; Department of Medicine, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh., Ehsan MA; Department of Medicine, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	PloS one [PLoS One] 2024 Dec 05; Vol. 19 (12), pp. e0314729. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Dec 05 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.1371/journal.pone.0314729
Abstrakt:	Background: Ehrlichia canis, a rickettsial organism, is responsible for causing ehrlichiosis, a tick-borne disease affecting dogs. Objectives: This study aimed to estimate ehrlichiosis prevalence and identify associated risk factors in pet dogs. Methods: A total of 246 peripheral blood samples were purposively collected from pet dogs in Dhaka, Mymensingh, and Rajshahi districts between December 2018 and December 2020. Risk factor data were obtained through face-to-face interviews with dog owners using a pre-structured questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression analysis identified risk factors. Polymerase chain reaction targeting the 16S rRNA gene confirmed Ehrlichia spp. PCR results were further validated by sequencing. Results: The prevalence and case fatality of ehrlichiosis were 6.9% and 47.1%, respectively. Dogs in rural areas had 5.8 times higher odds of ehrlichiosis (odd ratio, OR: 5.84; 95% CI: 1.72-19.89) compared to urban areas. Dogs with access to other dogs had 5.14 times higher odds of ehrlichiosis (OR: 5.14; 95% CI: 1.63-16.27) than those without such access. Similarly, irregularly treated dogs with ectoparasitic drugs had 4.01 times higher odds of ehrlichiosis (OR: 4.01; 95% CI: 1.17-14.14) compared to regularly treated dogs. The presence of ticks on dogs increased ehrlichiosis odds nearly by 3 times (OR: 3.02; 95% CI: 1.02-8.97). Phylogenetic analysis, based on 17 commercially sequenced isolates, showed different clusters of aggregation, however, BAUMAH-13 (PP321265) perfectly settled with a China isolate (OK667945), similarly, BAUMAH-05 (PP321257) with Greece isolate (MN922610), BAUMAH-16 (PP321268) with Italian isolate (KX180945), and BAUMAH-07 (PP321259) with Thailand isolate (OP164610). Conclusions: Pet owners and veterinarians in rural areas should be vigilant in monitoring dogs for ticks and ensuring proper preventive care. Limiting access to other dogs in high-risk areas can help mitigate disease spread. Tick prevention measures and regular treatment with ectoparasitic drugs will reduce the risk of ehrlichiosis in dogs. The observed genetic similarity of the Bangladeshi Ehrlichia canis strain highlights the need for ongoing surveillance and research to develop effective control and prevention strategies, both within Bangladesh and globally. Competing Interests: All authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. (Copyright: © 2024 Kabir et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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