Role of turnover, downsizing, overtime and night shifts on workplace violence against healthcare workers: a seven-year ecological study.

Autor: Giusti EM; EPIMED Research Center, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy., Veronesi G; EPIMED Research Center, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy. giovanni.veronesi@uninsubria.it., Forest H; EPIMED Research Center, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy., Ghelli M; Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian Workers Compensations Authority (INAIL), Roma, Italy., Persechino B; Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Epidemiology and Hygiene, Italian Workers Compensations Authority (INAIL), Roma, Italy., Borchini R; Occupational and Preventive Medicine, Azienda Socio-Sanitaria Territoriale Lariana, Como, Italy., Magnavita N; Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy., Ferrario MM; EPIMED Research Center, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: BMC public health [BMC Public Health] 2024 Dec 04; Vol. 24 (1), pp. 3371. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Dec 04.
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-20898-8
Abstrakt: Background: About one-third of workers identify organisational factors as contributors to workplace violence (WPV), but the associations between these factors and WPV have primarily been explored retrospectively and with measures of perceived organisational constraints, hence providing limited information for prevention. Therefore, we assessed whether objectively measured ward-level indicators of turnover, downsizing, overtime, and night shifts are associated with the occurrence of WPV and whether these associations vary by ward type.
Methods: We conducted an ecological study at a university hospital in northern Italy from 2016 to 2022, using wards as statistical unit (average: 230 wards per year). Active surveillance of WPV was based on an in-hospital incident reporting procedure, updated in November 2021 based on Health Regional Administration guidelines; 2021 was therefore excluded as a transition year. Individual-level administrative data were used to compute ward-level yearly indicators of turnover, downsizing, overtime and night shifts per active worker. Using generalised linear models, we estimated rate ratios (RRs) for yearly WPV counts per 1 SD increase in the indicators, controlling for study period, ward type (emergency department [ED], psychiatric ward, other) and ward sociodemographic composition.
Results: A total of 337 WPV episodes occurred in the 1381 ward-year observations. The WPV rates per 100 active workers per year increased from 1.40 (95%CI: 1.23-1.60) during 2016-2020 to 3.48 (2.90-4.17) in 2022. Higher turnover (RR, 95%CI: 1.47, 1.23-1.75) and downsizing (1.12, 1.00-1.24) were associated with a greater occurrence of WPV across all wards; these associations were consistent across the study periods. In wards with night shift scheduling, turnover (1.64, 1.40-1.92), downsizing (1.21, 1.04-1.40) and the mean number of night shifts (2.50, 1.37-4.56) were associated with WPV. The association between night shifts and WPV was greater in psychiatric wards (RR = 8.73; interaction p-value = 0.02), whereas the role of downsizing was greater in EDs (RR = 1.42, interaction p-value = 0.09) and the role of turnover was greater in the other wards (RR = 1.34, interaction p-value = 0.16).
Conclusion: Work organisational factors are associated with the occurrence of WPV episodes against healthcare workers. Ward type-tailored priorities should be given to minimising turnover and downsizing and promoting a fairer allocation of night shifts to decrease WPV occurrence.
Competing Interests: Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: The DeVOS project received approval by the Ethical Committee of Insubria (ID 82/2021). Participants signed an informed consent. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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