Long-term sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 two years following infection: exploring the interplay of biological, psychological, and social factors.

Autor:	Verveen A; Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands., Nugroho FA; Department of Data Science, Institute for Computing and Information Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.; Department of Informatics, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia., Bucur IG; Department of Data Science, Institute for Computing and Information Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands., Wynberg E; Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.; Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands., van Willigen HDG; Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.; Department of Medical Microbiology & Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands., Davidovich U; Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.; Department of Social Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands., Lok A; Department of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands., Moll van Charante EP; Department of Public & Occupational Health, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.; Department of General Practice, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands., de Bree GJ; Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands., de Jong MD; Department of Medical Microbiology & Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands., Kootstra N; Department of Experimental Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands., Claassen T; Department of Data Science, Institute for Computing and Information Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands., de Jonge MI; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.; Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands., Heskes T; Department of Data Science, Institute for Computing and Information Sciences, Radboud University, Nijmegen, the Netherlands., Prins M; Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.; Department of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity, Amsterdam, the Netherlands., Knoop H; Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands., Nieuwkerk PT; Department of Medical Psychology, Amsterdam UMC, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Psychological medicine [Psychol Med] 2024 Dec 02, pp. 1-11. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Dec 02.
DOI:	10.1017/S0033291724002721
Abstrakt:	Background: Severe fatigue and cognitive complaints are frequently reported after SARS-CoV-2 infection and may be accompanied by depressive symptoms and/or limitations in physical functioning. The long-term sequelae of COVID-19 may be influenced by biomedical, psychological, and social factors, the interplay of which is largely understudied over time. We aimed to investigate how the interplay of these factors contribute to the persistence of symptoms after COVID-19. Methods: RECoVERED, a prospective cohort study in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, enrolled participants aged⩾16 years after SARS-CoV-2 diagnosis. We used a structural network analysis to assess relationships between biomedical (initial COVID-19 severity, inflammation markers), psychological (illness perceptions, coping, resilience), and social factors (loneliness, negative life events) and persistent symptoms 24 months after initial disease (severe fatigue, difficulty concentrating, depressive symptoms and limitations in physical functioning). Causal discovery, an explorative data-driven approach testing all possible associations and retaining the most likely model, was performed. Results: Data from 235/303 participants (77.6%) who completed the month 24 study visit were analysed. The structural model revealed associations between the putative factors and outcomes. The outcomes clustered together with severe fatigue as its central point. Loneliness, fear avoidance in response to symptoms, and illness perceptions were directly linked to the outcomes. Biological (inflammatory markers) and clinical (severity of initial illness) variables were connected to the outcomes only via psychological or social variables. Conclusions: Our findings support a model where biomedical, psychological, and social factors contribute to the development of long-term sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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