Duckweed (Lemna minor L.) as a natural-based solution completely offsets the increase in ammonia volatilization induced by soil drying and wetting cycles in irrigated paddies.

Autor: Liu W; College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China., Xu J; College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Soil-Water Efficient Utilization, Carbon Sequestration and Emission Reduction, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; The National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention, Hohai University, Nanjing 210098, China., Li Y; College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Soil-Water Efficient Utilization, Carbon Sequestration and Emission Reduction, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China. Electronic address: yaweizx@hhu.edu.cn., Liu X; College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China; Jiangsu Province Engineering Research Center for Agricultural Soil-Water Efficient Utilization, Carbon Sequestration and Emission Reduction, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China., Zhou X; College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China., Peng Y; College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China., Jia Y; College of Agricultural Science and Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 211100, China., Gao J; Jiangsu Provincial Flood Control and Drought Relief Center, Nanjing 211500, China., Jiang Q; Department of Biosystems Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China., He Y; Department of Biosystems Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The Science of the total environment [Sci Total Environ] 2024 Dec 20; Vol. 957, pp. 177789. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Nov 30.
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.177789
Abstrakt: One of the primary pathways of nitrogen loss in rice fields, ammonia (NH 3 ) volatilization resulting in low nitrogen use efficiency and contributes significantly to near-surface atmospheric pollution. Duckweed (Lemna minor L.), a common small floating plant in rice fields, often completely covers the water surface. However, the extent to which this biotic cover affects ammonia flux remains unclear. A three-year field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of duckweed cover on NH 3 volatilization in rice fields under two different irrigation management practices (Flooding irrigation vs. alternate wetting and drying irrigation). In the duckweed-free paddies, alternate wetting and drying irrigation significantly increased the cumulative ammonia emissions over the full observation period by 16.6 %, 22.5 % and 7.8 % in 2020, 2021, and 2022, respectively, compared to flooding irrigation. Compared to the duckweed-free paddies, the presence of duckweed significantly mitigated cumulative NH 3 volatilization in rice fields, regardless of the irrigation regimes. Under flooding irrigation, the reduction in NH 3 volatilization with duckweed cover reached 6.3 %, 33.2 % and 37.6 % over three consecutive years. The reduction was 23.3 %, 48.2 % and 41.8 % under alternate wetting and drying irrigation, demonstrating that duckweed achieved greater reductions in NH 3 volatilization under alternate wetting and drying irrigation than flooding irrigation. An independent incubation experiment revealed that physical coverage, ammonium ion absorption and surface water temperature reduction were primary factors contributing to duckweed-induced NH 3 emission mitigation, accounting for 50.9 %, 28.4 %, and 20.7 %, respectively. The present study indicates that duckweed might prove a promising nature-based solution for mitigating the potential environmental risks of excessive reactive nitrogen outputs from rice paddies, and for promoting the broader application of alternating wet and dry irrigation.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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