Regulation of energy balance by leptin as an adiposity signal and modulator of the reward system.

Autor:	Asgari R; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada., Caceres-Valdiviezo M; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Laboratory of Omic Sciences, School of Medicine, Universidad de Especialidades Espíritu Santo, Samborondón, Ecuador., Wu S; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada., Hamel L; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada., Humber BE; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada., Agarwal SM; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Banting & Best Diabetes Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada., Fletcher PJ; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada., Fulton S; Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM), Montreal Diabetes Research Center, Montréal, QC, Canada; Department of Nutrition, Université de Montréal, QC, Canada., Hahn MK; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Banting & Best Diabetes Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Electronic address: margaret.hahn@camh.ca., Pereira S; Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. Electronic address: sandra.pereira@camh.ca.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Molecular metabolism [Mol Metab] 2024 Nov 29; Vol. 91, pp. 102078. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Nov 29.
DOI:	10.1016/j.molmet.2024.102078
Abstrakt:	Background: Leptin is an adipose tissue-derived hormone that plays a crucial role in body weight, appetite, and behaviour regulation. Leptin controls energy balance as an indicator of adiposity levels and as a modulator of the reward system, which is associated with liking palatable foods. Obesity is characterized by expanded adipose tissue mass and consequently, elevated concentrations of leptin in blood. Leptin's therapeutic potential for most forms of obesity is hampered by leptin resistance and a narrow dose-response window. Scope of Review: This review describes the current knowledge of the brain regions and intracellular pathways through which leptin promotes negative energy balance and restrains neural circuits affecting food reward. We also describe mechanisms that hinder these biological responses in obesity and highlight potential therapeutic interventions. Major Conclusions: Additional research is necessary to understand how pathways engaged by leptin in different brain regions are interconnected in the control of energy balance. Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: M.K.H. has received consultant fees from Alkermes, Inc. A portion of S·P.‘s salary at CAMH comes from a grant from Merck (MISP). S.M.A. has been a consultant for HLS Therapeutics and Boehringer Ingelheim Canada. (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier GmbH.. All rights reserved.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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