Comparison of anatomical visual features of the eyeball, lens, and retina the diurnal common kestrel (Falco tinnunculus rupicilaeformis) and the nocturnal little owl (Athene noctua glaux).

Autor: Shalaby W; Zoology Department, Faculty of Science (girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt., Kandyel R; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.; Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia., Abumandour M; Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Abees 10th, Alexandria, Egypt. m.abumandour@yahoo.com., Al-Ghamdi FA; Department of Biological Science, College of Science, University of Jeddah, P.O. Box 80327, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia., Gewily D; Zoology Department, Faculty of Science (girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: BMC veterinary research [BMC Vet Res] 2024 Nov 29; Vol. 20 (1), pp. 541. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Nov 29.
DOI: 10.1186/s12917-024-04371-7
Abstrakt: Our study aimed to compare the anatomical features of the eyeball, lens, and retina between the two raptor birds of different visual active clock hours: the diurnal common kestrel (Falco tinnunculus rupicilaeformis) and the nocturnal little owl (Athene noctua glaux) using gross, morphometric analysis, histological, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy techniques. The semi-spherical eyeball of the kestrel had less convexity on the anterior surface than on the posterior surface; meanwhile, it was relatively larger in the owl. There is a relationship between the corneal diameter (CD) and the eye axial length (AL). There were significant differences in the retinal layer thickness between the two raptors, in which the diurnal kestrel had a thinner pigmented epithelium and photoreceptor layers compared to the nocturnal owl. Moreover, the inner nuclear and outer nuclear, inner plexiform, and outer plexiform layers in the diurnal kestrel were larger than those in the nocturnal owl. The differences in the pigmented epithelium layer lead to the higher visual acuity and better color vision of the diurnal kestrel compared to the nocturnal owl. The photoreceptor layer in diurnal kestrel was composed of single large and double cones, which are composed of chief cones and accessory cones; meanwhile, the photoreceptor layer in nocturnal owl had only single elongated rods. We concluded that the lens and retina of the two raptors revealed great variations in reflecting the adaptation of each bird to different modes of life. The statistical analysis found a strong positive correlation between the axial length of the eye and the corneal diameter in both birds, as indicated by the Pearson correlation coefficient.
Competing Interests: Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: This study has been carried out with ethical permission from the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, and approved by the Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (ALEXU-IACUC) (Approval code: 01/2/2023/199). All methods were performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations by the Basel Declaration and the International Council for Laboratory Animal Science (ICLAS). The study was carried out in compliance with the ARRIVE guidelines. The informed consent was obtained from all owners. Consent for publication: Not Applicable. Consent to participate: Not applicable. Conflict of interest: None of the authors has any financial or personal relationships that could inappropriately influence or bias the content of the paper.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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