EQ-5D-5L population norms and health inequality for Trinidad and Tobago in 2022-2023 and comparison with 2012.

Autor: Bailey H; Department of Economics, The University of the West Indies, St Augustine Campus, St Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago. hhbailey@gmail.com.; Centre for Health Economics, HEU, The University of the West Indies, St Augustine Campus, St Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago. hhbailey@gmail.com., Jonker MF; Erasmus School of Health Policy & Management, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.; Erasmus Centre for Health Economics Rotterdam, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.; Erasmus Choice Modelling Centre, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands., Pullenayegum E; Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Dalla Lana School of Public Health, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada., Rencz F; Department of Health Policy, Corvinus University of Budapest, Budapest, Hungary., Roudijk B; EuroQol Research Foundation, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.; Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Health and quality of life outcomes [Health Qual Life Outcomes] 2024 Nov 28; Vol. 22 (1), pp. 103. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Nov 28.
DOI: 10.1186/s12955-024-02323-1
Abstrakt: Background: The use of EQ-5D instruments in clinical, policy and economic applications continues to grow internationally. Population norms studies provide baseline values against which demographic and patient groups are compared and inequality is assessed. This study presents updated EQ-5D-5L population norms for 2022-2023, evaluates inequality and compares the results with those of 2012.
Methods: Demographic and EQ-5D-5L data were obtained from mutually exclusive, representative samples of adults in three studies conducted from July 2022 through May 2023. EQ-5D-5L index values, EQ VAS scores, and ceilings (all dimensions at level 1) were calculated for age-sex groups and stratifiers including education, income, ethnicity, marital status, and employment status. For inequality, the Kakwani index was calculated for the EQ VAS scores and index values, and ordered logit models were used to obtain odds ratios for reporting higher levels of problems on each dimension for demographic groups. The results were compared with those from 2012 which included applying the value set that had been used for the 2022-2023 population norms to the 2012 states.
Results: Data were obtained form 2,989 respondents. The mean index value was 0.921, EQ VAS was 79.6 and the ceiling was 31.5%. The dimensions with the highest rates of reported problems at any level (2-5) were pain/discomfort (43%) and anxiety/depression (39%). The Kakwani index was 0.113 for EQ VAS and 0.058 for index values, with sex accounting for the largest relative contribution. Mean index values, EQ VAS scores, and ceilings were lower across all demographic groups in 2022-2023 compared to 2012.
Conclusions: This is the first study to investigate how EQ-5D-5L population norms have changed within a country over time. Significant changes were observed in the EQ-5D-5L measures and the relative frequencies of reported problems on the dimensions. Inequality increased, and there were changes in the levels of reported problems on the dimensions for demographic groups. Such changes suggest that national population norms should be updated periodically to capture changes in health status, perceptions of health, and health inequality.
Competing Interests: Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: Ethical approval for this study was obtained from The University of The West Indies (Exemption letter CREC-SA.1468/03/2022 dated March 7th, 2022) and from the Ministry of Health of Trinidad and Tobago (Approval letter He:3/13/441 VolII dated April 8th, 2022). Informed consent: was obtained from all individual participants included in the study. Competing interests: Eleanor Pullenayegum and Fanni Rencz are on the Editorial Board of Health and Quality of Life Outcomes. All of the authors are members of the EuroQol Group. Bram Roudijk is employed by the EuroQol Research Foundation.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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