Guardians of resistance and virulence: detection of mec, femA, Van, pvl, hlg and spa genes in methicillin and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from clinical and food samples in Southwestern Nigeria.

Autor: Adeyemi FM; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Osun State University, P.M.B. 4494, Osogbo, Osun State, 230212, Nigeria. folasade.adeyemi@uniosun.edu.ng., Oyedara OO; Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Osun State University, P.M.B. 4494, Osogbo, 230212, Nigeria., Yusuf-Omoloye NA; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Osun State University, P.M.B. 4494, Osogbo, Osun State, 230212, Nigeria., Ajigbewu OH; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Osun State University, P.M.B. 4494, Osogbo, Osun State, 230212, Nigeria., Ndaji OL; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Osun State University, P.M.B. 4494, Osogbo, Osun State, 230212, Nigeria., Adegbite-Badmus MK; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic and Applied Sciences, Osun State University, P.M.B. 4494, Osogbo, Osun State, 230212, Nigeria., Olumakinde TS; Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, Osun State University, Osogbo, 230212, Nigeria., Oluokun TE; Multidisciplinary Research Laboratory, Osun State University, Osogbo, 230212, Nigeria.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: BMC microbiology [BMC Microbiol] 2024 Nov 26; Vol. 24 (1), pp. 498. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Nov 26.
DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03660-3
Abstrakt: Background: Staphylococcus aureus strains are highly virulent and associated with an eclectic range of severe nosocomial and community-acquired infections.
Objectives: This study assessed methicillin- and vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA/VRSA) from clinical and ready-to-eat (RTE) food sources, screened for antibiotic resistance; and molecular determinants of antibiotic and virulence genes.
Methods: Altogether, 465 clinical and RTE food samples were analyzed via conventional microbiological techniques and S. aureus identification was confirmed by nuc gene detection. Phenotypic screening for methicillin and vancomycin-resistance was by agar-screen cum micro-broth dilution respectively, while antibiotic susceptibility testing was done by the disc-diffusion technique. VanA/vanB/VanC1, femA, mecA/mecC; pvl/hlg and spa gene detection was via Polymerase chain reaction.
Results: Phenotypically, 211 Staphylococcal isolates were recovered, 138 (65.4%) of them carrying the nuc gene - all 138 (100.0%) were VRSA, while 59/138 (42.8%) were MRSA phenotypically. Overall, 114/138 (82.6%), 7/138 (5.1%), and 6/138 (4.3%) of isolates had the femA, mecA, and mecC genes, while van genes were detected in only 3 (2.2%) isolates, with virulence determinants pvl, hlg, and spa gene carriage in 8 (5.8%), 10 (7.2%), and 77 (55.8%) isolates respectively. In all, 11.6% carried resistance-associated genes, 55.8% carried virulence genes, and co-detection of resistance and virulence genes was observed in 12.3%. Overall, 96/138 (69.6%) were multidrug-resistant (MDR), while one strain was extremely drug-resistant (XDR). MAR Indices ≥ 0.2 was observed in 83.3% of isolates.
Conclusion: This study highlights virulence levels of MRSA and VRSA circulating strains in Osogbo, contributing to their sustained surveillance, and improving available data for successive epidemiology investigations. This study also reports the occurrence of the mecC gene in S. aureus isolates from RTE foods and human samples in Southwestern Nigeria.
Competing Interests: Declarations. Ethics approval and consent to participate: All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or National Research Committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Health Planning, Research, and Statistics Department of the Osun State Ministry of Health, Osogbo (OSHREC/PRS/569T/366) and the Institutional Ethics Review Committee of UNIOSUN Teaching Hospital (UTH), Osogbo (UTH/REC/2023/01/30/739). Informed consent was obtained from each participant and parental consent from parents of subjects below the age of 18 years. Competing interests: The authors declare no competing interests.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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