A story of two kingdoms: unravelling the intricacies of protein phase separation in plants and animals.

Autor: Li M; State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China., Yang X; State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China., Zhang D; Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong., Tian Y; State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China.; State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China., Jia ZC; State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China., Liu WH; State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China., Hao RR; State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China., Chen YS; Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen, China., Chen MX; State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Key Laboratory of State Forestry and Grassland Administration on Subtropical Forest Biodiversity Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, China., Liu YG; State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement, College of Life Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Critical reviews in biotechnology [Crit Rev Biotechnol] 2024 Nov 26, pp. 1-21. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Nov 26.
DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2024.2425989
Abstrakt: The biomolecular condensates (BCs) formed by proteins through phase separation provide the necessary space and raw materials for the orderly progression of cellular activities, and on this basis, various membraneless organelles (MLOs) are formed. The occurrence of eukaryotic phase separation is driven by multivalent interactions from intrinsically disordered regions (IDRs) and/or specific protein/nucleic acid binding domains and is regulated by various environmental factors. In plant and animal cells, the MLOs involved in gene expression regulation, stress response, and mitotic control display similar functions and mechanisms. In contrast, the phase separation related to reproductive development and immune regulation differs significantly between the two kingdoms owing to their distinct cell structures and nutritional patterns. In addition, animals and plants each exhibit unique protein phase separation activities, such as neural regulation and light signal response. By comparing the similarities and differences in the formation mechanism and functional regulation of known protein phase separation, we elucidated its importance in the evolution, differentiation, and environmental adaptation of both animals and plants. The significance of studying protein phase separation for enhancing biological quality of life has been further emphasized.
Databáze: MEDLINE