Genomic insights into the genetic diversity, lateral gaits and high-altitude adaptation of Chakouyi (CKY) horses.

Autor: Liu YK; State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730020, China., Fu WW; State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730020, China., Wang ZY; State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730020, China., Pei SW; State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730020, China., Li KH; Extending Station for Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Technology of Tianzhu Xizang Autonomous County, Tianzhu, Gansu 733299, China., Wu WW; Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region Academy of Animal Science, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China., Le MZ; State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730020, China., Yue XP; State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-Ecosystems, Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Engineering Research Center of Grassland Industry, Ministry of Education, College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730020, China. Electronic address: lexp@lzu.edu.cn.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of genetics and genomics = Yi chuan xue bao [J Genet Genomics] 2024 Nov 19. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Nov 19.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jgg.2024.11.008
Abstrakt: Chakouyi (CKY) horses from the Qinghai‒Xizang Plateau are well known for their unique lateral gaits and high-altitude adaptation, but genetic mechanisms underlying these phenotypes remain unclear. This study presents a comparison of 60 newly resequenced genomes of gaited CKY horses with 139 public genomes from 19 horse breeds. Population structure analyses (admixture, PCA, and neighbor-joining tree) reveal a close genetic relationship between CKY and other highland breeds (Tibetan and Chaidamu horses). Compared with other Chinese breeds, CKY horses present reduced nucleotide diversity (θπ) and lower inbreeding (F ROH coefficient), suggesting possible selective pressures. A key region on chromosome 23 (Chr23: 22.3 -22.6 Mb) is associated with the lateral gaits and harbors a highly prevalent nonsense mutation (Chr 23:22,391,254 C>A, Ser301STOP) in the DMRT3 gene, with an 88% homozygosity rate, which is strongly correlated with the distinctive gait of CKY horses. Furthermore, selection signals reveal that the EPAS1 gene is related to high-altitude adaptation, and the CAT gene contributes to altitude resilience in CKY horses. These findings suggest that preserving genetic diversity is essential for maintaining the unique gaits and high-altitude adaptations of CKY horses.
Competing Interests: Conflict of interest All of the authors declare that this research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as potential conflicts of interest.
(Copyright © 2024 Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Genetics Society of China. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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