Half of Atlantic reef-building corals at elevated risk of extinction due to climate change and other threats.

Autor: Gutierrez L; Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America., Polidoro B; Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America.; Species Survival Commission, Coral Specialist Group, International Union for the Conservation of Nature, Gland, Switzerland., Obura D; Species Survival Commission, Coral Specialist Group, International Union for the Conservation of Nature, Gland, Switzerland.; Coastal Oceans Research and Development in the Indian Ocean East Africa, Mombasa, Kenya., Cabada-Blanco F; Species Survival Commission, Coral Specialist Group, International Union for the Conservation of Nature, Gland, Switzerland.; Institute of Marine Sciences, School of the Environment and Life Sciences, University of Portsmouth, Portsmouth, United Kingdom., Linardich C; Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia, United States of America., Pettersson E; Species Survival Commission, Coral Specialist Group, International Union for the Conservation of Nature, Gland, Switzerland., Pearce-Kelly P; Zoological Society of London, London, United Kingdom., Kemppinen K; Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, United States of America., Alvarado JJ; University of Costa Rica, San José, Costa Rica., Alvarez-Filip L; Unidad Academia de Sistemas Arrecificales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, Mexico., Banaszak A; Unidad Academia de Sistemas Arrecificales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, Mexico., Casado de Amezua P; MedCoral Program, HyT Association., Crabbe J; University of Bedfordshire, Wolfson College, Oxford, United Kingdom., Croquer A; The Nature Conservancy, Dominican Republic., Feingold J; Nova Southeastern University, Fort Lauderdale, Florida, United States of America., Goergen E; Department of Biology and Environmental Science, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar., Goffredo S; University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy., Hoeksema B; Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands., Huang D; National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore., Kennedy E; University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia., Kersting D; Spanish National Research Council, Instituto de Acuicultura de Torre de la Sal, Castellón de la Plana, Spain., Kitahara M; Departamento de Ciências do Mar, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Kružić P; University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia., Miller M; SECORE International, Hilliard, Ohio, United States of America., Nunes F; Institut Français pour la Recherche et Exploitation de la Mer, Plouzané, France., Quimbayo JP; Center for Marine Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil., Rivera-Sosa A; Coral Reef Alliance, San Francisco, California, United States of America., Rodríguez-Martínez R; Unidad Academia de Sistemas Arrecificales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México, Mexico., Santodomingo N; National History Museum of London, London, United Kingdom., Sweet M; University of Derby, Derby, United Kingdom., Vermeij M; Carmabi Foundation, Willemstad, Curaçao., Villamizar E; Ecología en la Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, venezuela., Aeby G; The Hawai'i Institute of Marine Biology, Kaneohe, Hawai'i, United States of America., Alliji K; Centre for Environmental, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Weymouth, United Kingdom., Bayley D; Fauna & Flora International, Cambridge, United Kingdom., Couce E; Centre for Environmental, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Weymouth, United Kingdom., Cowburn B; Centre for Environmental, Fisheries and Aquaculture Science, Weymouth, United Kingdom., Nuñez Lendo CI; Climate Change Cluster, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia., Porter S; Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa., Samimi-Namin K; Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands., Shlesinger T; Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel., Wilson B; University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2024 Nov 15; Vol. 19 (11), pp. e0309354. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Nov 15 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0309354
Abstrakt: Atlantic reef-building corals and coral reefs continue to experience extensive decline due to increased stressors related to climate change, disease, pollution, and numerous anthropogenic threats. To understand the impact of ocean warming and reef loss on the estimated extinction risk of shallow water Atlantic reef-building scleractinians and milleporids, all 85 valid species were reassessed under the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria, updating the previous Red List assessment of Atlantic corals published in 2008. For the present assessment, individual species declines were estimated based on the modeled coral cover loss (1989-2019) and projected onset of annual severe bleaching events (2020-2050) across the Atlantic. Species traits were used to scale species' relative vulnerability to the modeled cover declines and forecasted bleaching events. The updated assessments place 45.88%-54.12% of Atlantic shallow water corals at an elevated extinction risk compared to the previous assessments conducted in 2008 (15.19%-40.51%). However, coral cover loss estimates indicate an improvement in reef coverage compared to the historic time-series used for the 2008 assessments. Based on this, we infer that, although remaining dangerously high, the rate of Atlantic reef coral cover decline has surprisingly slowed in recent decades. However, based on modeled projections of sea-surface temperature that predict the onset of annual severe bleaching events within the next 30 years, we listed 26 (out of 85) species as Critically Endangered in the IUCN Red List. Each of these species had previously been listed under a lower threatened category and this result alone highlights the severe threat future bleaching events pose to coral survival and the reef ecosystems they support.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
(Copyright: © 2024 Gutierrez et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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