Synthesis and evaluation of vanillin Schiff bases as potential antimicrobial agents against ESBL-producing bacteria: towards novel interventions in antimicrobial stewardship.

Autor: Khan R; Department of System Biology and Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, Poland. ruby.khan@polsl.pl., Rashid S; Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan., Khan S; Khyber Girls Medical College, Hayatabad, Peshawar, Pakistan., Almutawif YA; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Madinah, Saudi Arabia., Pari B; Principal, Govt Nursing College, Lady Reading Hospital, Peshawar, Pakistan.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Scientific reports [Sci Rep] 2024 Nov 14; Vol. 14 (1), pp. 28007. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Nov 14.
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-78302-9
Abstrakt: The escalating challenge of antimicrobial resistance necessitates the development of novel antibacterial agents. In this study, a series of five vanillin Schiff bases (SB-1 to SB-5) were synthesized from vanillin and various aromatic amines. The chemical structures of these compounds were characterized using Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H -NMR), carbon-13 NMR ( 13 C -NMR), and mass spectrometry techniques. Antibacterial efficacy was evaluated against strains of bacteria producing extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL), including Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae using the disc diffusion method. Cytotoxic effects were assessed through haemocompatibility and brine shrimp lethality assays. The Schiff bases demonstrated notable antibacterial activities, with SB-1, SB-2, SB-4, and SB-5 exhibiting zones of inhibition up to 16.0, 16.5, 16.6, and 15.5 mm against ESBL E. coli, respectively. SB-3 showed a maximum inhibition zone of 15.0 mm against ESBL K. pneumoniae. In cytotoxicity assays, the compounds exhibited IC 50 values against red blood cells (RBCs) greater than 200 μg/mL and ranging from 45.7 to 50.5 μg/mL for the brine shrimp assay. While demonstrating potent antibacterial properties, the toxicity towards human RBCs suggests that further toxicity evaluations and structural modifications are essential for developing safer therapeutic agents based on vanillin Schiff bases.
Competing Interests: Competing interests The authors declare no competing interests associated with this research. Ethical approval and participant consent This study strictly adhered to ethical principles and guidelines for research involving human subjects. Ethical approval was obtained from the institutional review board, specifically from the Family Care Center Hayatabad Ethical Committee under Approval Code 12345-30 on August 28, 2017. All participants provided informed consent according to institutional guidelines. Consent to publish Consent to publish is not applicable as this study does not involve identifiable human data.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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