Diabetes and the associated complications: The role of antioxidants in diabetes therapy and care.

Autor: Dilworth L; Department of Pathology, The University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Kingston, Jamaica. Electronic address: lowell.dilworth@gmail.com., Stennett D; The Transitional Year Programme, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 2E8, Canada. Electronic address: dewayne.stennett@utoronto.ca., Facey A; Mona Academy of Sport, The University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Kingston, Jamaica. Electronic address: Aldeamfacey@gmail.com., Omoruyi F; University of Rochester Medical Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Rochester, NY, USA. Electronic address: obaro56@gmail.com., Mohansingh S; Department of Pathology, The University of the West Indies, Mona Campus, Kingston, Jamaica. Electronic address: Shada.mohansingh@gmail.com., Omoruyi FO; Department of Health Sciences, Texas A&M University, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA; Department of Life Sciences, Texas A&M University, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA. Electronic address: felix.omoruyi@tamucc.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie [Biomed Pharmacother] 2024 Nov 13; Vol. 181, pp. 117641. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Nov 13.
DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117641
Abstrakt: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by high blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia). Poorly managed diabetes can lead to complications affecting multiple organ systems. Antioxidants play a crucial role in reducing oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS), primarily triggered by uncontrolled high blood sugar levels in diabetes. Antioxidants like vitamin C, E, selenium, and alpha-lipoic acid, when used as supplements, have shown promise in reducing oxidative stress markers and improving antioxidant status in laboratory and animal studies and diabetic patients. Antioxidant supplementation may help reduce the risk of diabetic complications such as neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy, and cardiovascular disease. Additionally, antioxidants also have anti-inflammatory properties, which could be beneficial in reducing inflammation associated with diabetes. Antioxidant supplementation has been shown to enhance endothelial function, insulin sensitivity, and glucose metabolism, thereby aiding in glycemic control and overall diabetic management. Combining antioxidants with certain medications may have therapeutic benefits, such as effectively neutralizing free radicals and enhancing the regulation of antioxidant defense systems. This review presents an update on diabetes, the sources of free radical generation, the body's natural defense mechanisms, the clinical evidence regarding using antioxidants in managing diabetic complications, and the potential new therapeutic approaches. Overall, antioxidant supplementation may offer some benefits in managing diabetic complications. However, further studies are needed to understand the mechanisms of action, determine the optimal supplementation, explore potential interactions with other medications, and conduct long-term studies to establish the possible use of antioxidants for optimal benefits in diabetes care.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest All authors hereby declare that we have no competing interest.
(Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS.. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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