Correlation of Serum Albumin Levels With the Severity of Sepsis Among Intensive Care Unit Patients.

Autor:	Ali MA; Internal Medicine, Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, PAK., Raza MT; Internal Medicine, Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, PAK., Majeed S; Emergency, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire, Coventry, GBR., Tahir U; Internal Medicine, Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, PAK., Ahmad W; Colorectal Surgery, The Royal London Hospital, London, GBR., Tahir MB; Internal Medicine, Jinnah Hospital, Lahore, PAK., Ali RS; Emergency Medicine, Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan, PAK., Afzal A; Internal Medicine, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, PAK., Hasan MQ; Internal Medicine, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, PAK., Hassan M; Internal Medicine, Allama Iqbal Medical College, Lahore, PAK., Liaquat S; Internal Medicine, Sheikh Zayed Medical College and Hospital, Rahim Yar Khan, PAK., Khan TM; Orthopaedic Surgery, Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, PAK.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Cureus [Cureus] 2024 Oct 14; Vol. 16 (10), pp. e71411. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 14 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.7759/cureus.71411
Abstrakt:	Background Sepsis is a critical and potentially fatal medical condition characterized by significant illness and death rates. Early recognition and assessment of sepsis severity are vital for its optimal management. Determination of its severity by Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II, is quite a complex process as these score systems require complex and costly investigations. Therefore, this study was designed to determine the predictive capacity of serum albumin levels for the severity of sepsis in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out on 201 ICU-admitted patients with diagnosed sepsis at Benazir Bhutto Hospital (BBH), Rawalpindi, Pakistan from March 2022 to April 2023. Recruitment of patients was performed through consecutive sampling and predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Prior to the data collection, ethical approval and informed consent were obtained. Data was gathered via a self-designed proforma. SOFA score was applied for the determination of the severity of sepsis. Patients were categorized into three groups based on sepsis severity (SOFA score). Data analysis was done in the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25. Descriptive and inferential statistics compared study variables. Pearson's correlation and a simple linear regression model were used to assess the relationship between serum albumin levels and sepsis severity and the predictive capacity of serum albumin levels for sepsis severity respectively. The statistical significance of the p-value was set at less than 0.05. Results Among the 201 patients, 64 (31.84%) had sepsis, 98 (48.75%) had severe sepsis, and 39 (19.41%) had septic shock. Hypoalbuminemia was present among 119 (59.20%) patients while 82 (40.80%) patients had normal albumin levels. Significant differences were found in the total bilirubin, serum creatinine, platelet count, PaO2/FiO2 ratio, mean arterial pressure, Glasgow Coma Scale score, SOFA score, serum albumin level, and the prevalence of normal and low albumin levels across three study groups (p < 0.05). Pearson's correlation analysis showed a strong negative correlation between serum albumin level and SOFA score (correlation coefficient (r) = -0.78, p = 0.001). Linear regression analysis confirmed an inverse relationship between serum albumin levels and SOFA scores (beta coefficient = -2.70, p = 0.002). Conclusions In the present study, serum albumin level was noted as a reliable predictor of sepsis severity in ICU patients. Lower serum albumin levels were associated with higher SOFA scores, indicating more severe sepsis. This study supports the use of serum albumin as a simple and cost-effective biomarker for early identification of sepsis severity, particularly in resource-limited settings. Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Ethical Review Board of Benazir Bhutto Hospital issued approval BBH.ERB.283.229. For the current study ethical approval from the Ethics Review Board at Benazir Bhutto Hospital in Rawalpindi, Pakistan was obtained (approval number: BBH.ERB.283.229). Additionally, written informed consent was collected from each participant following a thorough explanation of the study's objectives and procedures, ensuring their understanding and voluntary involvement. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. (Copyright © 2024, Ali et al.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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