Species-specific trends of plutonium, radiocesium, and potassium-40 levels in three fish species of the Yenisei river (Siberia, Russia).

Autor: Zotina TA; Institute of Biophysics, Federal Research Center 'Krasnoyarsk Science Center' of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia; Institute of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, 79 Svobodny av., Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russia. Electronic address: t_zotina@ibp.ru., Melgunov MS; Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Academician Koptyug av., Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia., Dementyev DV; Institute of Biophysics, Federal Research Center 'Krasnoyarsk Science Center' of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia., Alexandrova YV; Institute of Biophysics, Federal Research Center 'Krasnoyarsk Science Center' of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 50/50 Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, 660036, Russia., Karpov AD; All-Russian Research Institute for Silviculture and Mechanization of Forestry, 15 Institutskaya str., Pushkino, 141202, Russia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of environmental radioactivity [J Environ Radioact] 2024 Dec; Vol. 280, pp. 107561. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Nov 11.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvrad.2024.107561
Abstrakt: The Yenisei is the largest river in the Northern Hemisphere receiving controlled radioactive discharges from nuclear facilities. The paper presents a comparative study of temporal trends of artificial radionuclides plutonium ( 239,240 Pu) and radiocesium ( 137 Cs), and a natural isotope of the essential macronutrient potassium ( 40 K) in samples of three commercial fish species (Northern pike, Baikal grayling, and Siberian dace) occupying different positions in a trophic network in the Yenisei River (Siberia, Russia). Samples of fish were caught in the Yenisei in 2011-2020 during a period of significant changes in controlled radioactive releases into the river. The study has shown no increase in plutonium concentration in fish samples within two years after the upsurge in controlled Pu discharge into the river (2018-2020). Average activity concentration of 239,240 Pu (mBq∙kg -1 d.w., range, mean ± sd) in muscle of grayling (0.6-31.8, 10.9 ± 8.6) was higher (p < 0.01) than in muscle of dace (1.0-4.4, 2.4 ± 1.2) and pike (1.1-11, 3.8 ± 2.9). This can be attributed to the feeding of grayling on benthic invertebrates rich in Pu. The concentration of Pu tended to increase in muscle of pike with the increasing size of the fish. Average activity concentration of 137 Cs (Bq∙kg -1 d.w., range, mean ± sd) in muscle of pike, a piscivorous fish (1.8-23.4, 7.7 ± 5.1), was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than the average activity concentration of 137 Cs in muscle of dace (0.7-5.7, 2.7 ± 1.6) and grayling (1.3-7.2, 2.5 ± 1.7). A similar effect was revealed for 40 K. This can be attributed to biomagnification of 137 Cs and 40 K in food chains. The results will draw a baseline for assessment of dose-dependent ecological risks for wild fish itself and fish consumers, add field-based facts to the fundamental knowledge of behavior of artificial radionuclides in freshwater food chains, and suggests a hypothesis for consequent experimental studies.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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