Anthropometric Studies of Schoolchildren During the First Decades of the 20th Century in Spain and Argentina.

Autor: Cesani MF; Laboratorio de Investigaciones en Ontogenia y Adaptación (LINOA), Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, Universidad Nacional de la Plata, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), La Plata, Argentina., Montero MG; Grupo de Investigación EPINUT, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain., Serrano MDM; Grupo de Investigación EPINUT, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.; Unidad Docente de Antropología Física, Departamento de Biodiversidad, Ecología y Evolución, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: American journal of human biology : the official journal of the Human Biology Council [Am J Hum Biol] 2024 Nov 11, pp. e24183. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Nov 11.
DOI: 10.1002/ajhb.24183
Abstrakt: Objective: The practice of anthropometry in schools at the beginning of the 20th century originated in Europe and Latin America in conjunction with the emergence of hygienism and epidemiological auxology. The aim of this work is to deepen the knowledge of these practices in Spain and Argentina and to compare the available growth data in order to identify possible differences between the populations.
Methods: The anthropometric data of 1693 boys and girls aged 7-15 years (877 Spanish; 816 Argentinean) from the period between 1903 and 1913 were analyzed. The data were taken from the Reports and Memoirs of the School Colonies of the National Pedagogical Museum (Spain) and the Archives of Pedagogy and Related Sciences of the Faculty of Law and Social Sciences of the National University of La Plata (UNLP) (Argentina).
Results: The most pronounced differences in weight and height were observed between the ages of 11 and 12. The weight growth of Spanish schoolchildren was 22% (boys) and 24% (girls) lower than that of their Argentine counterparts, while linear growth was about 7% lower for both sexes. In addition, the Spanish had a lower body mass index up to the age of 12 years.
Conclusions: Argentine boys and girls of La Plata were taller and heavier than their Spanish counterparts of Madrid during the same period (between 1903 and 1913). These results can be attributed to the higher standard of living that characterized the Argentine population at that time.
(© 2024 The Author(s). American Journal of Human Biology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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