Evaluation of serum protein electrophoresis and immunofixation in dogs seropositive for various vector-borne pathogens.

Autor: Jornet-Rius O; Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain., Chornarm N; Center for Companion Animal Studies, Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA., Skeldon N; Axiom Veterinary Laboratories Ltd, Newton Abbot, Devon, UK., McGrew A; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA., Lappin M; Center for Companion Animal Studies, Department of Clinical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA., Solano-Gallego L; Departament de Medicina i Cirurgia Animals Facultat de Veterinària, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain., Moore AR; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Veterinary clinical pathology [Vet Clin Pathol] 2024 Nov 11. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Nov 11.
DOI: 10.1111/vcp.13399
Abstrakt: Background: Canine vector-borne diseases (VBDs) induce non-specific dysproteinemias, detectable by serum protein electrophoresis (SPE). VBDs have been reported to induce a monoclonal gammopathy pattern. Monoclonal gammopathies are commonly the result of paraprotein (M-protein) produced by an immunoglobulin-secreting neoplasm.
Objectives: The aims of this study were to characterize and compare SPE and immunofixation (IF) changes, evaluate the performance of previously identified SPE and IF interpretative criteria, and identify M-proteins in a cohort of dogs seropositive for a VBD and with an unknown history for an immunoglobulin-secreting neoplasm.
Methods: A total of 143 serum samples from dogs that tested seropositive for different vector-borne pathogens were assessed by SPE. Cases with abnormal globulin fractions were further characterized by IF. Protein fraction and IF labeling results were evaluated using Kruskal-Wallis with Dunn's multiple comparisons and principal component analysis (PCA).
Results: IF was performed in 112 VBD-seropositive samples with dysproteinemia evaluated by SPE. Most (84/112, 75%) had a polyclonal expansion. Only two dogs had findings suggestive of an M-protein when considering both SPE and immunofixation. PCA clustered E.canis/A.phagocytophilum and B.gibsoni/CM.haematoparvum groups with relatively more γ-globulins than albumin and α-globulins, and the B.gibsoni/CM.haematoparvum group with more prominent IgA and IgM labeling than IgG labeling. Additionally, D.immitis clustered with more prominent β-globulins than γ-globulins and more IgG4 than IgG-FC.
Conclusions: The previously derived interpretative criteria suggested an M-protein in very few VBD-seropositive dogs. PCA identified SPE and immunofixation pattern differences between dogs seropositive for different infectious agents.
(© 2024 The Author(s). Veterinary Clinical Pathology published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Veterinary Clinical Pathology.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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