Predicting the acute aquatic toxicity of organic UV filters used in cosmetic formulations.
| Autor: | Stergiopoulos C; Laboratory of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Polytechneiou 9, Zografou 157 80, Athens, Greece., Tsopelas F; Laboratory of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Polytechneiou 9, Zografou 157 80, Athens, Greece., Ochsenkühn-Petropoulou M; Laboratory of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Polytechneiou 9, Zografou 157 80, Athens, Greece., Valko K; Business & Technology Centre, Bessemer Drive, Stevenage, Herts, SG1 2DX, United Kingdom. |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Zdroj: | ADMET & DMPK [ADMET DMPK] 2024 Sep 11; Vol. 12 (5), pp. 781-796. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 11 (Print Publication: 2024). |
| DOI: | 10.5599/admet.2364 |
| Abstrakt: | Background and Purpose: Organic UV filters are commonly used in sunscreen and cosmetic formulations to protect against harmful UV radiation. However, concerns have emerged over their potential toxic effects on aquatic organisms. This study aims to investigate the acute aquatic toxicity of 13 organic UV filters and determine whether phospholipid binding, measured through biomimetic chromatographic methods, is a better predictor of toxicity than the traditionally used octanol-water partition coefficient (log P ). Experimental Approach: The chromatographic retention of the 13 UV filters was measured on an immobilized artificial membrane (IAM) stationary phase to assess phospholipid binding. These measurements were then applied to previously established predictive models, originally developed for pharmaceutical compounds, to estimate acute aquatic toxicity endpoints of 48-hour LC Key Results: Phospholipid binding was found to be a more reliable predictor of the acute aquatic toxicity of UV filters compared to log P . The toxicity was primarily driven by lipophilicity and charge, with negatively charged compounds exhibiting lower toxicity. Conclusion: The study demonstrates that phospholipid binding is a better descriptor of UV filter toxicity than log P , providing a more accurate method for predicting the environmental risk of these compounds. This insight can guide the development of more environmentally friendly sunscreens by reducing the use of highly lipophilic and positively charged compounds, thus lowering their aquatic toxicity. (Copyright © 2024 by the authors.) |
| Databáze: | MEDLINE |
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