Tempol mitigates inflammation, oxidative stress, and histopathological alterations of cadmium-induced parotid gland injury in rats.

Autor: El-Fatah SSA; Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt., Nafea OE; Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt. Electronic address: olanafea@zu.edu.eg., Yousef DM; Human Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt., Samy W; Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt., Hussien MHS; Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt., Arakeep HM; Anatomy and Embryology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt; Public Health Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, AlAhsa 31982, Saudi Arabia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Life sciences [Life Sci] 2024 Dec 15; Vol. 359, pp. 123233. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Nov 08.
DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.123233
Abstrakt: Cadmium (Cd) is a potent environmental pollutant that causes functional and structural damage to the salivary glands. Tempol (TEM) has powerful antioxidant activity that can potentially preserve organ function.
Aims: This study was designed to investigate the protective effects of TEM on Cd-induced toxicity in rat parotid salivary glands.
Materials and Methods: Twenty-four adult Wistar male rats were randomly assigned to four equal groups: control, TEM (27.5 g/100 ml), Cd (0.6 g/100 ml), and TEM plus Cd (at the same doses). All treatments were dissolved in distilled water and administered subcutaneously four times a week for four weeks. Parotid gland tissues were isolated and subjected to molecular and histo-biochemical assessments.
Key Findings: TEM exerted a prophylactic effect against Cd-induced toxicity in the parotid glands by controlling inflammation through the downregulation of toll-like receptor 4/myeloid differentiation primary response 88/nuclear factor kappa B/ interleukin-1 beta mRNA expression, upregulation of aquaporin-5 mRNA expression, improvement of the oxidant/antioxidant status in the parotid gland, mitigation of endoplasmic reticulum stress, and repair of the associated histological and ultrastructural abnormalities.
Significance: TEM protects against Cd-induced toxicity in the parotid glands of rats, attributable at least in part to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, as well as its ability to inhibit ER stress and facilitate glandular repair. However, the protective effects of TEM did not reach the levels observed in the control group. TEM could be a promising clinical candidate for protecting the salivary glands, particularly in high-risk groups such as workers exposed to Cd and cigarette smokers.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors report no declaration of competing interest. The authors confirm they did not receive any funding to do this work.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: