Mismatch between lab-generated and field-evolved resistance to transgenic Bt crops in Helicoverpa zea .

Autor:	Legan AW; Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721., Allan CW; Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721., Jensen ZN; Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721., Degain BA; Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721., Yang F; Department of Entomology, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108., Kerns DL; Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843., Benowitz KM; College of Integrative Sciences and Arts, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ 85212., Fabrick JA; US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, US Arid Land Agricultural Research Center, Maricopa, AZ 85138., Li X; Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721., Carrière Y; Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721., Matzkin LM; Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721., Tabashnik BE; Department of Entomology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America [Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A] 2024 Nov 19; Vol. 121 (47), pp. e2416091121. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Nov 06.
DOI:	10.1073/pnas.2416091121
Abstrakt:	Transgenic crops producing crystalline (Cry) proteins from the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) have been used extensively to control some major crop pests. However, many populations of the noctuid moth Helicoverpa zea , one of the most important crop pests in the United States, have evolved practical resistance to several Cry proteins including Cry1Ac. Although mutations in single genes that confer resistance to Cry proteins have been identified in lab-selected and gene-edited strains of H. zea and other lepidopteran pests, the genetic basis of field-evolved resistance to Cry proteins in H. zea has remained elusive. We used a genomic approach to analyze the genetic basis of field-evolved resistance to Cry1Ac in 937 H. zea derived from 17 sites in seven states of the southern United States. We found evidence for extensive gene flow among all populations studied. Field-evolved resistance was not associated with mutations in 20 single candidate genes previously implicated in resistance or susceptibility to Cry proteins in H. zea or other lepidopterans. Instead, resistance in field samples was associated with increased copy number of a cluster of nine trypsin genes. However, trypsin gene amplification occurred in a susceptible sample and not in all resistant samples, implying that this amplification does not always confer resistance and mutations in other genes also contribute to field-evolved resistance to Cry1Ac in H. zea . The mismatch between lab-generated and field-evolved resistance in H. zea is unlike other cases of Bt resistance and reflects challenges for managing this pest. Competing Interests: Competing interests statement:J.A.F. and B.E.T. are coauthors of patents on engineering Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxins to counter resistance (US10704059) and potentiating Bt toxins (US20090175974A1), respectively. Badische Anilin und Soda Fabrik (BASF), Corteva Agriscience, Cotton Incorporated, Syngenta, and the Agricultural Biotechnology Stewardship Technical Committee (representing a consortium of agricultural biotechnology companies) did not provide funding to support this work but have funded other work by some of the authors.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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