Acute-phase innate immune responses in SIVmac239-infected Mamu-B*08+ Indian rhesus macaques may contribute to the establishment of elite control.

Autor:	Rosen BC; Department of Pathology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States., Sawatzki K; Department of Immunology, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States., Ricciardi MJ; Department of Pathology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States., Smith E; Department of Immunology, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States., Golez I; Department of Immunology, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States., Mauter JT; Department of Pathology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States., Pedreño-López N; Department of Pathology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States., Yrizarry-Medina A; Department of Pathology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States., Weisgrau KL; Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States., Vosler LJ; Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States., Voigt TB; Department of Pathology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States., Louw JJ; Department of Pathology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States., Tisoncik-Go J; Department of Immunology, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States., Whitmore LS; Department of Immunology, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States., Panayiotou C; Department of Pathology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States., Ghosh N; Department of Pathology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States., Furlott JR; Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States., Parks CL; International AIDS Vaccine Initiative, New York, NY, United States., Desrosiers RC; Department of Pathology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, United States., Lifson JD; AIDS and Cancer Virus Program, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD, United States., Rakasz EG; Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States., Watkins DI; Department of Pathology, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, United States., Gale M Jr; Department of Immunology, Center for Innate Immunity and Immune Disease, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in immunology [Front Immunol] 2024 Oct 22; Vol. 15, pp. 1478063. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 22 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.3389/fimmu.2024.1478063
Abstrakt:	Introduction: Spontaneous control of chronic-phase HIV/SIV viremia is often associated with the expression of specific MHC class I allotypes. HIV/SIV-specific CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) restricted by these MHC class I allotypes appear to be critical for viremic control. Establishment of the elite controller (EC) phenotype is predictable in SIVmac239-infected Indian rhesus macaques (RMs), with approximately 50% of Mamu-B*08 + RMs and 20% of Mamu-B*17 + RMs becoming ECs. Despite extensive characterization of EC-associated CTLs in HIV/SIV-infected individuals, the precise mechanistic basis of elite control remains unknown. Because EC and non-EC viral load trajectories begin diverging by day 14 post-infection, we hypothesized that hyperacute innate immune responses may contribute to viremic control. Methods: To gain insight into the immunological factors involved in the determination of EC status, we vaccinated 16 Mamu-B*08 + RMs with Vif and Nef to elicit EC-associated CTLs, then subjected these 16 vaccinees and an additional 16 unvaccinated Mamu-B*08 + controls to repeated intrarectal SIVmac239 challenges. We then performed whole-blood transcriptomic analysis of all 32 SIVmac239-infected Mamu-B*08 + RMs and eight SIVmac239-infected Mamu-B*08 - RMs during the first 14 days of infection. Results: Vaccination did not provide protection against acquisition, but peak and setpoint viremia were significantly lower in vaccinees relative to controls. We did not identify any meaningful correlations between vaccine-induced CTL parameters and SIVmac239 acquisition rate or chronic-phase viral loads. Ultimately, 13 of 16 vaccinees (81%) and 7 of 16 controls (44%) became ECs (viremia ≤ 10,000 vRNA copies/mL plasma for ≥ 4 weeks). We identified subsets of immunomodulatory genes differentially expressed (DE) between RM groupings based on vaccination status, EC status, and MHC class I genotype. These DE genes function in multiple innate immune processes, including the complement system, cytokine/chemokine signaling, pattern recognition receptors, and interferon-mediated responses. Discussion: A striking difference in the kinetics of differential gene expression among our RM groups suggests that Mamu-B*08 -associated elite control is characterized by a robust, rapid innate immune response that quickly resolves. These findings indicate that, despite the association between MHC class I genotype and elite control, innate immune factors in hyperacute SIV infection preceding CTL response development may facilitate the establishment of the EC phenotype. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2024 Rosen, Sawatzki, Ricciardi, Smith, Golez, Mauter, Pedreño-López, Yrizarry-Medina, Weisgrau, Vosler, Voigt, Louw, Tisoncik-Go, Whitmore, Panayiotou, Ghosh, Furlott, Parks, Desrosiers, Lifson, Rakasz, Watkins and Gale.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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