Effects of Non-invasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation on Inflammatory Markers in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Autor:	Taha AM; Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Fayoum University, Fayoum, EGY.; Neurology, Medical Research Group of Egypt (MRGE), Arlington, USA., Elrosasy A; Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, EGY.; Neurology, Medical Research Group of Egypt (MRGE), Arlington, USA., Mohamed AS; Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Merit University, Mansoura, EGY.; Neurology, Medical Research Group of Egypt (MRGE), Arlington, USA., Mohamed AE; Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, EGY.; Neurology, Medical Research Group of Egypt (MRGE), Arlington, USA., Bani-Salameh A; Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, JOR.; Neurology, Medical Research Group of Egypt (MRGE), Arlington, USA., Siddiq A; Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, EGY.; Neurology, Medical Research Group of Egypt (MRGE), Arlington, USA., Cadri S; Internal Medicine, Universitatea de Medicină și Farmacie 'Grigore T. Popa' Iași, Iași, ROU.; Neurology, Medical Research Group of Egypt (MRGE), Arlington, USA., Elshahat A; Internal Medicine, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EGY.; Neurology, Medical Research Group of Egypt (MRGE), Arlington, USA., Abdelmonteser AA; Medicine and Surgery, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, EGY.; Neurology, Medical Research Group of Egypt (MRGE), Arlington, USA., Abouelmagd ME; Neurology, Medical Research Group of Egypt (MRGE), Arlington, USA.; Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, EGY.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Cureus [Cureus] 2024 Oct 01; Vol. 16 (10), pp. e70613. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 01 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.7759/cureus.70613
Abstrakt:	The international healthcare community has encountered several difficulties because of the COVID-19 pandemic brought on by SARS-CoV-2. COVID-19 can lead to an abnormal immune response that features excessive inflammation, so targeting the vagus nerve through non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation (nVNS) may hold promise as an intervention. This meta-analysis aimed to examine the outcomes of using nVNS on different inflammatory biomarkers in COVID-19 patients. Up until May 2023, we performed a review of online databases. We included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that discussed how nVNS affected patients with COVID-19's clinical outcomes. Using the Revman 5.4 software (Cochrane, London, United Kingdom), a meta-analysis was carried out to find the pooled mean difference (MD), with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), of nVNS effects on different inflammatory biomarkers, including interleukin-10 (IL-10), C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-6, and cortisol levels. The review included four RCTs involving 180 COVID-19 patients. Following nVNS treatment, there was a significant increase in IL-10 levels (MD = 1.53, 95% CI: 0.77, 2.29; p < 0.001). CRP levels (MD = -2.24, 95% CI: -4.52, 0.05; p = 0.06), IL-6 levels (MD = 4.07, 95% CI: -3.16, 11.32; p = 0.27), cortisol levels (MD = 1.45, 95% CI: -11.67, 14.57; p = 0.83), and D-dimer levels (MD = -0.47, 95% CI: -1.31, 0.38; p = 0.28) did not differ significantly. These findings suggest that nVNS may positively impact certain inflammatory markers in COVID-19 patients, suggesting that nVNS could be a beneficial adjunctive treatment. Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. (Copyright © 2024, Taha et al.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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