Quantitative analysis of winter PM 2.5 reduction in South Korea, 2019/20 to 2021/22: Contributions of meteorology and emissions.

Autor: Jeong JI; School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea., Park RJ; School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea. Electronic address: rjpark@snu.ac.kr., Song CK; Department of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea; Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea., Yeh SW; Department of Marine Sciences and Convergent Technology, Hanyang University, ERICA, Ansan, South Korea., Woo JH; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The Science of the total environment [Sci Total Environ] 2023 Oct 27, pp. 168179. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Oct 27.
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168179
Abstrakt: To quantitatively analyze the factors contributing to the change in winter PM 2.5 concentrations in South Korea over the past three years (2019/20 to 2021/22), we used updated anthropogenic emissions, a nested version of the GEOS-Chem model, and ground-based observational data. Our study identified meteorological variability and changes in anthropogenic emissions from China and South Korea as the main factors influencing changes in PM 2.5 concentrations. The model results showed low normalized mean biases (NMBs) (13 % to 25 % for China, -5 % to -1 % for South Korea) compared with the seasonal mean ground observations in winter, indicating the model's reliability. Over the past three years (2019/20 to 2021/22), the observed winter PM 2.5 concentration in South Korea has decreased by an average of 21.2 % (15.9 % to 24.2 %) compared to the reference year (2018/19). Among the three factors considered, meteorological changes contributed the most to the PM 2.5 reduction, with an average of 12.9 % (6.8 % to 17.3 %), followed by a decrease in anthropogenic emissions from China of 5.1 % (2.7 % to 7.9 %) and South Korea of 1.7 % (1.3 % to 1.9 %). In addition, the high monthly variability of meteorological fields drove the monthly variability of surface PM 2.5 in South Korea, ranging from 12.8 % to 20.6 %. These results highlight the complex interplay of various factors affecting winter PM 2.5 concentrations in South Korea.
(Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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