Short-term exposure to okadaic acid induces behavioral and physiological responses in sea urchin (Strongylocentrotus intermedius).

Autor: Song H; School of Fisheries, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China., Dong M; School of Fisheries, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China., Wei L; School of Fisheries, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China. Electronic address: weileildu@163.com., Zhang Y; School of Fisheries, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China., Huang H; School of Fisheries, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China., Chu X; School of Fisheries, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China., Wang X; School of Fisheries, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China. Electronic address: wangxiaotong999@163.com.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Marine environmental research [Mar Environ Res] 2024 Nov; Vol. 202, pp. 106823. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Nov 01.
DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2024.106823
Abstrakt: Massive harmful algal blooms (HABs) have increased the risk of marine organisms encountering the dinoflagellate toxin, okadaic acid (OA). Strongylocentrotus intermedius, a globally significant benthic aquaculture species, has a large appetite for benthic algae. During red tide events, there is a high risk of red tide toxin accumulation. This study systematically evaluated the potential impact of short-term OA exposure on the behavior and physiological functions of juvenile S. intermedius. From typical (5 μg/L) to extreme OA concentrations (20 μg/L) during HAB outbreaks, OA exposure gradually inhibited a series of tube foot-related behaviors (sheltering, foraging, righting, and tube-foot tenacity). At OA concentrations during HAB outbreaks (5 μg/L), the tube foot function of S. intermedius was progressively inhibited. Further physiological indicator analyses revealed that the activity of antioxidants increased over a short period to prevent damage from reactive oxygen species induced by OA. However, OA ultimately suppressed the immune response of S. intermedius, leading to apoptosis. Although HAB-associated concentrations of OA (5 μg/L) did not induce a continuous increase in the integrated biological response index of S. intermedius, this study speculated that HABs pose a future risk to echinoderm species. Notably, principal component analysis results showed that OA exposure eventually induced significant changes in the production of O 2- , malondialdehyde, and total glutathione, as well as in glutathione S-transferase activity and caspase-7, -8, and -9 levels. This study provides preliminary evidence of OA's toxic effects on sea urchins and essential data for urgent risk assessments of algal toxin pollution in aquaculture during HABs.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: