Gabapentin and pregabalin exposures reported to United States poison centers, 2012-2022.

Autor: Carter EJR; Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA.; Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine, Las Vegas, NV, USA., Rine NI; Central Ohio Poison Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA., Kistamgari S; Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA., Hays HL; Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA.; Central Ohio Poison Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA., Spiller HA; Central Ohio Poison Center, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA., Yang J; Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA.; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA., Zhu M; Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA.; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA., Smith GA; Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, 700 Children's Drive, Columbus, OH, 43205, USA. gary.smith@nationwidechildrens.org.; Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA. gary.smith@nationwidechildrens.org.; Child Injury Prevention Alliance, Columbus, OH, USA. gary.smith@nationwidechildrens.org.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Injury epidemiology [Inj Epidemiol] 2024 Nov 01; Vol. 11 (1), pp. 59. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Nov 01.
DOI: 10.1186/s40621-024-00547-9
Abstrakt: Background: Gabapentin and pregabalin were originally introduced as anticonvulsant medications but are now also prescribed on- and off-label for multiple medical disorders, especially for pain management. The national opioid crisis has led to increased use of non-opioid pain medications, including gabapentinoids, which has been associated with changing patterns of adverse events associated with these medications. This study investigated the characteristics and trends of gabapentin and pregabalin exposures reported to US poison centers from 2012 to 2022.
Methods: National Poison Data System data involving gabapentin and pregabalin exposures for 2012 to 2022 were analyzed.
Results: There were 124,161 exposures involving gabapentin and pregabalin as the primary substance reported to US poison centers during the study period. Most exposures involved gabapentin (85.9%), females (59.4%), single-substance exposures (62.9%), or occurred at a residence (97.2%). Suspected suicides accounted for 45.2% of exposures. Most exposures were associated with a minor effect (27.4%) or no effect (34.0%), while 22.1% experienced a serious medical outcome, including 96 fatalities. The rate of gabapentin and pregabalin exposures per one million US population increased by 236.1% from 22.7 in 2012 to 76.5 in 2019 (P < 0.001), followed by a non-significant decrease to 68.5 in 2022 (P = 0.068).
Conclusions: The rate of gabapentin and pregabalin exposures reported to US poison centers increased by more than 230% from 2012 to 2019 before plateauing from 2019 to 2022. The observed rate trend was driven primarily by gabapentin exposures and by cases associated with suspected suicide. Although most exposures were associated with a minor or no effect, 22% of individuals experienced a serious medical outcome, including 96 fatalities. These findings contribute to the discussion of rescheduling gabapentin as a federally controlled substance, which is the current status of pregabalin. Prevention of suicide associated with gabapentin and pregabalin merits special attention.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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