Immunoglobulin-binding protein and Toll-like receptors in immune landscape of breast cancer.

Autor: Bhamidipati P; Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 530045, India., Nagaraju GP; Department of Hematology and Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA., Malla R; Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, GITAM School of Science, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh 530045, India. Electronic address: rmalla@gitam.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Life sciences [Life Sci] 2024 Dec 01; Vol. 358, pp. 123196. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 30.
DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.123196
Abstrakt: Breast cancer (BC) is a complex disease exhibiting significant heterogeneity and encompassing various molecular subtypes. Among these, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) stands out as one of the most challenging types, characterized by its aggressive nature and poor prognosis. This review embarks on a comprehensive exploration of the immune landscape of BC, with a primary focus on the functional and structural characterization of immunoglobulin-binding protein (BiP) and its pivotal role in regulating the unfolded response (UPR) pathway of proteins. Moreover, we unravel the multifaceted functions of BiP in BC, with a special emphasis on the involvement of cell surface BiP in TNBC metastasis, drug resistance, and its contribution to the formation of the tumor microenvironment (TME). We also provide mechanistic insights into how ER-resident BiP mediates the sensitization of drug-resistant BC to different treatment strategies, thereby offering promising avenues for therapeutic intervention. We also delve into the role of Toll-like receptors (TLRs), shedding light on their diverse expression patterns across BC and their influence on modulating the tumor immune response. Understanding the interplay between BiP, TLRs, and the immune response, especially in TNBC, opens avenues for novel immunotherapies. Future research should focus on developing targeted therapies that activate ER-resident BiP or inhibit cell surface BiP, and modulate TLR signaling. Moreover, exploring BiP as a biomarker for TNBC diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment response will be crucial for personalized medicine.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest On behalf of all authors, the corresponding author declared that there is no conflict of interest.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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