Occurrence and risk assessment of polybrominated diphenyl ethers in surficial water and sediment from Buffalo River estuary, South Africa.

Autor: Olaniyan OO; SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa; Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa.; Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, The University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa.; Department of Physical Sciences, School of Natural and Applied Sciences (SONAS), Kampala International University, Kampala, Uganda.. Electronic address: olaniyan.oladapo@kiu.ac.ug., Adeniji AO; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, National University of Lesotho, P.O. 180, Roma, Lesotho., Okoh AI; SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa; Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, The University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa., Okoh OO; SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa; Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa.; Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, The University of Fort Hare, Alice 5700, South Africa.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Marine pollution bulletin [Mar Pollut Bull] 2024 Dec; Vol. 209 (Pt A), pp. 117176. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 30.
DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.117176
Abstrakt: This study assessed PBDE congeners in surface water and sediment from the Buffalo River estuary, East London, South Africa. Samples were collected across three seasons in 2020 and analyzed using GC-MS and GC-μECD to respectively identify and quantify analytes. The concentration of ∑ 6 PBDEs in the surface water and sediment ranged from n.d. to 0.947 μg/L and from 1.87 to 2554 ng/g (dw), respectively. We found the relative abundance of the congeners in water and sediment to be in this order: BDE-66 (36 %) > BDE-100 (25 %) > BDE-17 (21 %) > BDE-183 (9 %) > BDE-153 (6 %) > BDE-47 (3 %) and BDE-66 (26 %) > BDE-100 (23 %) > BDE-17 (18 %) > BDE-47 (15 %) > BDE-153 (10 %) > BDE-183 (9 %) respectively. The ecological risk assessment reveals that the risk quotient, RQs, of BDE-100 (85.1), BDE-47 (2.1) and BDE-183 (1.1) for surface water and BDE-47 (229606), BDE-153 (1192) and BDE-100 (141) for surface sediment were all significantly higher than one, indicating high ecological hazards for both water and sediment-dwelling organisms. The point sources of PBDE pollution were the First and the Second Creek, which regularly carry residential and industrial effluents into the estuary. Sediment under the Pontoon Bridge is the most polluted due to non-point sources. Regular dredging of the estuary is highly recommended to reduce the levels of PBDEs in the sediment.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare no conflicts of interest relevant to this article's content.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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