Long-term immunological changes after corrective cardiac surgery.

Autor: Bilgic-Eltan S; Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Health Sciences, Division of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy and Master's/Doctoral Program, Jeffrey Modell Primary Immunodeficiency Diagnosis Center, Işıl Barlan Translational Medicine Center, Immunodeficiency Application and Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey., Amirov R; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey., Babayeva R; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey., Yorgun Altunbas M; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey., Karakurt T; Faculty of Medicine, Division of Pediatric Allergy and İmmunology, İstanbul Medeniyet University, Istanbul, Turkey., Can S; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey., Yalcin Gungoren E; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey., Bozkurt S; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey., Ozturk N; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey., Catak MC; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey., Bulutoglu A; Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey., Onder G; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, Healthy Science Institüte, Istanbul, Turkey.; Rare Diseases and Orphan Drugs Application and Research Center-ACURARE, Acıbadem University, Istanbul, Turkey., Ng YY; The Institute for Life Sciences and Chemistry, University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands., Hatırnaz Ng O; Rare Diseases and Orphan Drugs Application and Research Center-ACURARE, Acıbadem University, Istanbul, Turkey.; The Institute for Life Sciences and Chemistry, University of Applied Sciences Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands.; Department of Medical Biology, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, Istanbul, Turkey., Karakoc-Aydiner E; Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Health Sciences, Division of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy and Master's/Doctoral Program, Jeffrey Modell Primary Immunodeficiency Diagnosis Center, Işıl Barlan Translational Medicine Center, Immunodeficiency Application and Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey., Ozen AO; Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Health Sciences, Division of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy and Master's/Doctoral Program, Jeffrey Modell Primary Immunodeficiency Diagnosis Center, Işıl Barlan Translational Medicine Center, Immunodeficiency Application and Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey., Baris S; Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Health Sciences, Division of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy and Master's/Doctoral Program, Jeffrey Modell Primary Immunodeficiency Diagnosis Center, Işıl Barlan Translational Medicine Center, Immunodeficiency Application and Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Marmara University, Istanbul, Turkey.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Scandinavian journal of immunology [Scand J Immunol] 2024 Oct 30, pp. e13418. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 30.
DOI: 10.1111/sji.13418
Abstrakt: Infants with congenital heart disease (CHD) often undergo thymectomy during corrective cardiac surgery (CCS). The long-term immunological effects remain controversial, with concerns regarding increased susceptibility to infections, allergies, autoimmunity due to compromised immune tolerance mechanisms. This study aims to elucidate the long-term immunological effects of early thymectomy. We enrolled 22 patients who underwent thymectomy in infancy and were followed up in the Pediatric Allergy and Immunology Clinic at Marmara University. We performed demographic characteristics and detailed immunological evaluation, including immunoglobulins, vaccine responses, lymphocyte subset analyses, upregulation, proliferation of T cells and T-cell receptor excision circles (TRECs). Sixteen patients had a history of infection, including six serious infections, all in the first year. Lymphopenia was observed in 27% of patients, with a significant decrease in naive CD4 + and recent thymic emigrant T cells counts and an increase in the proportion of memory T-cells, indicating premature immune senescence. Low levels of IgG, IgA and IgM were found in 36%, 40% and 22% of patients respectively. Vaccine responses were positive in 90% of patients. TREC levels were low in all 10 patients analysed. Seven of nine patients had normal proliferation. Twenty-two percent of patients had allergic disease, and autoimmunity was not observed. Early thymectomy leads to permanent immunological changes that are indicative of early immunosenescence. It is recommended to preserve thymic tissue during surgery and requires long-term follow-up in terms of findings such as allergy and autoimmunity as well as infections due to impaired immune tolerance mechanisms.
(© 2024 The Scandinavian Foundation for Immunology.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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