Coevolution of norm psychology and cooperation through exapted conformity.
| Autor: | Kido Y; Graduate School of Humanities and Human Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.; Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan., Takezawa M; Graduate School of Humanities and Human Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.; Center for Experimental Research in Social Sciences, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.; Center for Human Nature, Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan. |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Zdroj: | Evolutionary human sciences [Evol Hum Sci] 2024 Oct 24; Vol. 6, pp. e35. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 24 (Print Publication: 2024). |
| DOI: | 10.1017/ehs.2024.37 |
| Abstrakt: | People willingly follow norms and values, often incurring material costs. This behaviour supposedly stems from evolved norm psychology, contributing to large-scale cooperation among humans. It has been argued that cooperation is influenced by two types of norms: injunctive and descriptive. This study theoretically explores the socialisation of humans under these norms. Our agent-based model simulates scenarios where diverse agents with heterogeneous norm psychologies engage in collective action to maximise their utility functions that capture three motives: gaining material payoff, following injunctive and descriptive norms. Multilevel selective pressure drives the evolution of norm psychology that affects the utility function. Further, we develop a model with exapted conformity, assuming selective advantage for descriptive norm psychology. We show that norm psychology can evolve via cultural group selection. We then identify two normative conditions that favour the evolution of norm psychology, and therefore cooperation: injunctive norms promoting punitive behaviour and descriptive norms. Furthermore, we delineate different characteristics of cooperative societies under these two conditions and explore the potential for a macro transition between them. Together, our results validate the emergence of large-scale cooperative societies through social norms and suggest complementary roles that conformity and punishment play in human prosociality. Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest existing. (© The Author(s) 2024.) |
| Databáze: | MEDLINE |
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