| Autor: |
Çelik E; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Süleyman Demirel University, Isparta 32260, Türkiye., Cemali Ö; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Trakya University, Edirne 22030, Türkiye., Şahin TÖ; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Afyonkarahisar Health Sciences University, Afyonkarahisar 03030, Türkiye., Deveci G; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Çankırı Karatekin University, Çankırı 18100, Türkiye., Biçer NÇ; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Acıbadem Mehmet Ali Aydınlar University, Istanbul 34752, Türkiye., Hirfanoğlu İM; Department of Neonatology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Ankara 06500, Türkiye., Ağagündüz D; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara 06490, Türkiye., Budán F; Institute of Physiology, Medical School, University of Pécs, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary. |
| Abstrakt: |
Background: Human breast milk is a complex biological fluid containing multifaceted biological compounds that boost immune and metabolic system development that support the short- and long-term health of newborns. Recent literature suggests that human breast milk is a substantial source of nutrients, bioactive molecules, and exosomes. Objectives: This review examines the factors influencing exosomes noted in human milk and the impacts of exosomes on infant health. Furthermore, it discusses potential future prospects for exosome research in dietetics. Methods: Through a narrative review of the existing literature, we focused on exosomes in breast milk, exosome components and their potential impact on exosome health. Results: Exosomes are single-membrane extracellular vesicles of endosomal origin, with an approximate radius of 20-200 nm. They are natural messengers that cells secrete to transport a wide range of diverse cargoes, including deoxyribonucleic acid, ribonucleic acid, proteins, and lipids between various cells. Some studies have reported that the components noted in exosomes in human breast milk could be transferred to the infant and cause epigenetic changes. Thus, it can affect gene expression and cellular event regulation in several tissues. Conclusions: In this manner, exosomes are associated with several pathways, including the immune system, oxidative stress, and cell cycle, and they can affect the short- and long-term health of infants. However, there is still much to learn about the functions, effectiveness, and certain impacts on the health of human breast milk exosomes. |
