How Psychedelics Modulate Multiple Memory Mechanisms in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.

Autor: Doss MK; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Psychedelic Research and Therapy, The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, 1601 Trinity Street, Bldg. B, Stop Z0600, Austin, TX, 78712, USA. manoj.doss@austin.utexas.edu., DeMarco A; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Psychedelic Research and Therapy, The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, 1601 Trinity Street, Bldg. B, Stop Z0600, Austin, TX, 78712, USA., Dunsmoor JE; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Psychedelic Research and Therapy, The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, 1601 Trinity Street, Bldg. B, Stop Z0600, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.; Department of Neuroscience, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA., Cisler JM; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Psychedelic Research and Therapy, The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, 1601 Trinity Street, Bldg. B, Stop Z0600, Austin, TX, 78712, USA., Fonzo GA; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Psychedelic Research and Therapy, The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, 1601 Trinity Street, Bldg. B, Stop Z0600, Austin, TX, 78712, USA., Nemeroff CB; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center for Psychedelic Research and Therapy, The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School, 1601 Trinity Street, Bldg. B, Stop Z0600, Austin, TX, 78712, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Drugs [Drugs] 2024 Oct 26. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 26.
DOI: 10.1007/s40265-024-02106-4
Abstrakt: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric disorder with defining abnormalities in memory, and psychedelics may be promising candidates for the treatment of PTSD given their effects on multiple memory systems. Most PTSD and psychedelic research has investigated memory with fear conditioning and extinction. While fruitful, conditioning and extinction provide a limited model of the complexity of PTSD and phenomenology of psychedelics, thereby limiting the refinement of therapies. In this review, we discuss abnormalities in fear conditioning and extinction in PTSD and review 25 studies testing psychedelics on these forms of memory. Perhaps the most reliable effect is that the acute effects of psychedelics can enhance extinction learning, which is impaired in PTSD. However, the post-acute effects may also enhance extinction learning, and the acute effects can also enhance fear conditioning. We then discuss abnormalities in episodic and semantic memory in PTSD and review current knowledge on how psychedelics impact these memory systems. Although PTSD and psychedelics acutely impair the formation of hippocampal-dependent episodic memories, psychedelics may acutely enhance cortical-dependent learning of semantic memories that could facilitate the integration of trauma memories and disrupt maladaptive beliefs. More research is needed on the acute effects of psychedelics on episodic memory consolidation, retrieval, and reconsolidation and post-acute effects of psychedelics on all phases of episodic memory. We conclude by discussing how targeting multiple memory mechanisms could improve upon the current psychedelic therapy paradigm for PTSD, thereby necessitating a greater emphasis on assessing diverse measures of memory in translational PTSD and psychedelic research.
(© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: