The Effect of Malaria on Responses to Unrelated Vaccines in Animals and Humans: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Autor: Zirimenya L; Immunomodulation and Vaccines Focus Area, Vaccine Research Theme, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda.; Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK., Natukunda A; Immunomodulation and Vaccines Focus Area, Vaccine Research Theme, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda.; International Statistics and Epidemiology Group, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK., Nassuuna J; Immunomodulation and Vaccines Focus Area, Vaccine Research Theme, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda., Kabagenyi J; School of Infection and Immunity, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland., Nkurunungi G; Immunomodulation and Vaccines Focus Area, Vaccine Research Theme, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda.; Department of Infection Biology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK., Elliott AM; Immunomodulation and Vaccines Focus Area, Vaccine Research Theme, Medical Research Council/Uganda Virus Research Institute and London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (MRC/UVRI and LSHTM) Uganda Research Unit, Entebbe, Uganda.; Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK., Webb EL; International Statistics and Epidemiology Group, Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Parasite immunology [Parasite Immunol] 2024 Oct; Vol. 46 (10), pp. e13067.
DOI: 10.1111/pim.13067
Abstrakt: Vaccine efficacy varies globally, often showing reduced immune responses in low- and middle-income countries, possibly due to the immunomodulatory effects of parasitic infections like malaria. This systematic review evaluates the impact of malaria on immune responses to unrelated vaccines in humans and animals. We systematically searched five databases-MEDLINE, Web of Science, Global Health, Scopus and Embase-up to 5th December 2023. Eligible studies compared immune responses to WHO-approved vaccines between malaria-infected and uninfected groups, or between antimalarial-treated and untreated groups. Meta-analysis was performed using random-effects models with standardised mean differences (SMDs) as summary statistics. The study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022298053). Twenty-four articles (17 human, 7 animal) met the inclusion criteria, with 13 human articles contributing data for the meta-analysis. Significant heterogeneity was observed. Vaccine responses were higher in malaria uninfected individuals (SMD 0.34, 95% CI 0.07 to 0.60, I 2  = 87.15%) with weaker differences between antimalarial-treated and untreated groups (SMD 0.07, 95% CI -0.01 to 0.16, I 2  = 85.01%). The overall SMD for malaria uninfected/treated vs. infected/untreated was 0.15, 95% CI 0.05-0.26, I 2  = 90.91. Narrative analysis suggested malaria's adverse impact on vaccine responses in animals. Malaria infection may impair vaccines responses; with preventive treatment of malaria partially reversing these effects, highlighting the need for targeted public health interventions.
(© 2024 The Author(s). Parasite Immunology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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