| Autor: |
Udom GJ; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Kampala International University, Ishaka, Uganda.; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University Oye-Ekiti, Nigeria., Abdulyekeen BR; African Centre of Excellence in Oilfield Chemicals Research (ACE-CEFOR), University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria., Osakwe MO; African Centre of Excellence for Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria., Ezejiofor AN; African Centre of Excellence for Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria., Orish CN; Department of Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria., Orish FC; Provicotoire Research Organization, Port Harcourt, Nigeria., Frazzoli C; Department for Cardiovascular, Endocrine-Metabolic Diseases, and Aging, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy., Orisakwe OE; African Centre of Excellence for Public Health and Toxicological Research (ACE-PUTOR), University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Nigeria.; Advanced Research Centre, European University of Lefke, Mersin, Turkey. |
| Abstrakt: |
Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is a food additive that enhances the palatability of foods, thus its frequent use both domestically and industrially. Based on the dose-factor, frequency, and duration of exposure, MSG may provoke adverse health outcomes both in animals and humans. The present report aims at providing a comprehensive analysis of the scientifically proven untoward health effects of MSG. To achieve our aim, we adopted the PRISMA guidelines and checklist and searched four databases (Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar) from 2014 to 2024. Retrieved research papers were critically appraised for quality using the ARRIVE and Joanna Briggs (JB) checklists and data analysis was conducted via the narrative synthesis method. Our analysis reveals that though MSG is generally considered safe at low doses; however, high doses and repeated exposure to MSG are associated with embryotoxicity and teratogenicity, obesity, cardiotoxicity, hepatotoxicity, kidney toxicity, neurotoxicity, endothelial dysfunction, reproductive toxicities, alteration of lipid, and glucose metabolism. Thus, chronic exposure to MSG may be of human pathological importance. The findings of the present narrative synthesis provide a rationale for informed decisions on the use and labeling of this widely used food additive. |
