An Introduction to Bayesian Approaches to Trial Design and Statistics for Stroke Researchers.

Autor:	Ospel JM; Department of Diagnostic Imaging (J.M.O., S.B.C., M.D.H., M.G.), Foothills Medical Center, University of Calgary, AB, Canada.; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, Hotchkiss Brain Institute (J.M.O., J.K.H., A.G., S.B.C., B.M., M.D.H., M.G.), Foothills Medical Center, University of Calgary, AB, Canada., Brown S; Bright Research LLC, Chicago, IL (S.B.)., Holodinsky JK; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, Hotchkiss Brain Institute (J.M.O., J.K.H., A.G., S.B.C., B.M., M.D.H., M.G.), Foothills Medical Center, University of Calgary, AB, Canada.; Department of Emergency Medicine (J.K.H.), Foothills Medical Center, University of Calgary, AB, Canada.; Department of Community Health Sciences (J.K.H.), Foothills Medical Center, University of Calgary, AB, Canada., Rinkel L; Department of Neurology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, the Netherlands (L.R.)., Ganesh A; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, Hotchkiss Brain Institute (J.M.O., J.K.H., A.G., S.B.C., B.M., M.D.H., M.G.), Foothills Medical Center, University of Calgary, AB, Canada., Coutts SB; Department of Diagnostic Imaging (J.M.O., S.B.C., M.D.H., M.G.), Foothills Medical Center, University of Calgary, AB, Canada.; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, Hotchkiss Brain Institute (J.M.O., J.K.H., A.G., S.B.C., B.M., M.D.H., M.G.), Foothills Medical Center, University of Calgary, AB, Canada., Menon B; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, Hotchkiss Brain Institute (J.M.O., J.K.H., A.G., S.B.C., B.M., M.D.H., M.G.), Foothills Medical Center, University of Calgary, AB, Canada., Saville BR; Adaptix Trials, LLC, Austin, TX (B.R.S.).; Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN (B.R.S.)., Hill MD; Department of Diagnostic Imaging (J.M.O., S.B.C., M.D.H., M.G.), Foothills Medical Center, University of Calgary, AB, Canada.; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, Hotchkiss Brain Institute (J.M.O., J.K.H., A.G., S.B.C., B.M., M.D.H., M.G.), Foothills Medical Center, University of Calgary, AB, Canada., Goyal M; Department of Diagnostic Imaging (J.M.O., S.B.C., M.D.H., M.G.), Foothills Medical Center, University of Calgary, AB, Canada.; Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Cumming School of Medicine, Hotchkiss Brain Institute (J.M.O., J.K.H., A.G., S.B.C., B.M., M.D.H., M.G.), Foothills Medical Center, University of Calgary, AB, Canada.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Stroke [Stroke] 2024 Nov; Vol. 55 (11), pp. 2742-2753. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 22.
DOI:	10.1161/STROKEAHA.123.044144
Abstrakt:	While the majority of stroke researchers use frequentist statistics to analyze and present their data, Bayesian statistics are becoming more and more prevalent in stroke research. As opposed to frequentist approaches, which are based on the probability that data equal specific values given underlying unknown parameters, Bayesian approaches are based on the probability that parameters equal specific values given observed data and prior beliefs. The Bayesian paradigm allows researchers to update their beliefs with observed data to provide probabilistic interpretations of key parameters, for example, the probability that a treatment is effective. In this review, we outline the basic concepts of Bayesian statistics as they apply to stroke trials, compare them to the frequentist approach using exemplary data from a randomized trial, and explain how a Bayesian analysis is conducted and interpreted. Competing Interests: Dr Ospel is a consultant for Nicolab. Dr Goyal is a consultant for Mentice, Medtronic, MicroVention, and Stryker. Dr Brown reports compensation from MicroVention, Inc, for consultant services and compensation from the Faculty of Arts, University of Calgary, for consultant services. Dr Rinkel reports grants from the Niels Stensen Fellowship. Dr Ganesh reports compensation from Figure 1 for consultant services; grants from the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada; compensation from Atheneum for consultant services; grants from the Canadian Cardiovascular Society; compensation from Creative Research Designs for consultant services; grants from Campus Alberta Neuroscience; grants from the Government of Canada; stock options in TheRounds.com; compensation from DeepBench for consultant services; grants from the Alzheimer Society of Canada; grants from Rhodes Scholarships; grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research; compensation from the Canadian Association of Neuroscience Nurses for consultant services; grants from Alberta Innovates; stock holdings in Collavidence, Inc; grants from Wellcome Trust; travel support from the American Academy of Neurology; travel support from the American Heart Association; travel support from the University of Calgary; service as an editorial board member for the journal Stroke for American Heart Association; stock options in SnapDx, Inc; grants from MicroVention, Inc; service as a review editor for Stroke for Frontiers in Neurology; compensation from Alexion Pharmaceuticals for other services; grants from Panmure House; compensation from Biogen for other services; compensation from MD Analytics for consultant services; compensation from MyMedicalPanel for consultant services; compensation from CTC Communications Corporation for consultant services; service as an editorial board member for the journals Neurology and Neurology: Clinical Practice for the American Academy of Neurology; grants from the Fondation Brain Canada; and grants from the Sunnybrook Research Institute. Dr Hill reports grants from Boehringer Ingelheim, Medtronic, MicroVention, Inc, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, NoNO, Inc, and Medtronic; compensation from Merck for end point review committee services; grants from Stryker Corporation; a patent issued for Systems and Methods for Assisting in Decision-Making and Triaging for Acute Stroke Patients licensed to Circle NVI; compensation from Brainsgate Ltd for consultant services; grants from Biogen, Inc, and Medtronic; and employment by the University of Calgary. The other authors report no conflicts.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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