Current understanding of the impact of United States military airborne hazards and burn pit exposures on respiratory health.

Autor: Trembley JH; Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA.; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA.; Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA., Barach P; Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA., Tomáška JM; Burn Pits 360, Robstown, TX, USA., Poole JT; School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA., Ginex PK; School of Nursing, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, USA., Miller RF; Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA., Lindheimer JB; James A. Haley Veterans Hospital, Tampa, FL, USA., Szema AM; Three Village Allergy and Asthma, PLLC, South Setauket, NY, USA.; Department of Occupational Medicine, Epidemiology, and Prevention, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA.; Division of Allergy and Immunology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA.; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA., Gandy K; Play-It-Health, Overland Park, KS, USA., Siddharthan T; Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA., Kirkness JP; 4DMedical, Los Angeles, CA, USA., Nixon JP; Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA.; Department of Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA., Torres RL; Burn Pits 360, Robstown, TX, USA., Klein MA; Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA.; Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA., Nurkiewicz TR; Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA.; Center for Inhalation Toxicology (iTOX), West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA., Butterick TA; Minneapolis Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Minneapolis, MN, USA. butte017@umn.edu.; Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN, USA. butte017@umn.edu.; Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA. butte017@umn.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Particle and fibre toxicology [Part Fibre Toxicol] 2024 Oct 21; Vol. 21 (1), pp. 43. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 21.
DOI: 10.1186/s12989-024-00606-5
Abstrakt: Millions of United States (U.S.) troops deployed to the Middle East and Southwest Asia were exposed to toxic airborne hazards and/or open-air burn pits. Burn pit emissions contain particulate matter combined with toxic gasses and heavy metals. Ongoing research has demonstrated that exposures to the airborne hazards from military burn pits have profound and lasting health and wellness consequences. Research on the long-term health consequences of exposure to open burn pits has been limited. Work continues to understand the scope of the health impacts and the underlying pathobiology following exposures and to establish care standards. The U.S. Sergeant First Class Heath Robinson Honoring our Promise to Address Comprehensive Toxics (PACT) Act was signed into law August 2022. This act expands the benefits and services to U.S. Veterans exposed to toxicants, requires the Veterans Health Administration to provide toxic exposure screening, and supports increased research, education, and treatment due to toxic occupational exposures. This review highlights the state of the science related to military burn pit exposures research with an emphasis on pulmonary health. Clinical data demonstrate areas of reduced or delayed pulmonary ventilation and lung pathologies such as small airways scarring, diffuse collagen deposition and focal areas of ossification. Identification and characterization of foreign matter deposition in lung tissues are reported, including particulate matter, silica, titanium oxides, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. These data are consistent with toxic exposures and with the symptoms reported by post-deployment Veterans despite near-normal non-invasive pulmonary evaluations. On-going work toward new methods for non-invasive pulmonary diagnoses and disease monitoring are described. We propose various studies and databases as resources for clinical and health outcomes research. Pre-clinical research using different burn pit modeling approaches are summarized, including oropharyngeal aspiration, intranasal inhalation, and whole-body exposure chamber inhalation. These studies focus on the impacts of specific toxic substances as well as the effects of short-term and sustained insults over time on the pulmonary systems.
(© 2024. This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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