Toward a Clinical Decision Support System for Monitoring Therapeutic Antituberculosis Medical Drugs in Tanzania (Project TuberXpert): Protocol for an Algorithm' Development and Implementation.

Autor:	Thoma Y; School of Engineering and Management Vaud, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Yverdon-les-Bains, Switzerland., Cathignol AE; School of Engineering and Management Vaud, HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts Western Switzerland, Yverdon-les-Bains, Switzerland.; Centre for Research and Innovation in Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland., Pétermann YJ; Centre for Research and Innovation in Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland., Sariko ML; Kilimanjaro Clinical Research Institute, Moshi, United Republic of Tanzania., Said B; Kibong'oto Infectious Diseases Hospital, Sanya Juu, United Republic of Tanzania.; The Nelson Mandela African Institution of Science and Technology, Arusha, United Republic of Tanzania., Csajka C; Centre for Research and Innovation in Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland., Guidi M; Centre for Research and Innovation in Clinical Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.; Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Western Switzerland, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.; Service of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland., Mpagama SG; Kibong'oto Infectious Diseases Hospital, Sanya Juu, United Republic of Tanzania.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	JMIR research protocols [JMIR Res Protoc] 2024 Oct 21; Vol. 13, pp. e58720. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 21.
DOI:	10.2196/58720
Abstrakt:	Background: The end tuberculosis (TB) strategy requires a novel patient treatment approach contrary to the one-size-fits-all model. It is well known that each patient's physiology is different and leads to various rates of drug elimination. Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) offers a way to manage drug dosage adaptation but requires trained pharmacologists, which is scarce in resource-limited settings. Objective: We will develop an automated clinical decision support system (CDSS) to help practitioners with the dosage adaptation of rifampicin, one of the essential medical drugs targeting TB, that is known for large pharmacokinetic variability and frequent suboptimal blood exposure. Such an advanced system will encourage the spread of a dosage-individualization culture, including among practitioners not specialized in pharmacology. Thus, the objectives of this project are to (1) develop the appropriate population pharmacokinetic (popPK) model for rifampicin for Tanzanian patients, (2) optimize the reporting of relevant information to practitioners for drug dosage adjustment, (3) automate the delivery of the report in line with the measurement of drug concentration, and (4) validate and implement the final system in the field. Methods: A total of 3 teams will combine their efforts to deliver the first automated TDM CDSS for TB. A cross-sectional study will be conducted to define the best way to display information to clinicians. In parallel, a rifampicin popPK model will be developed taking advantage of the published literature, complemented with data provided by existing literature data from the Pan-African Consortium for the Evaluation of Antituberculosis Antibiotics (panACEA), and samples collected within this project. A decision tree will be designed and implemented as a CDSS, and an automated report generation will be developed and validated through selected case studies. Expert pharmacologists will validate the CDSS, and finally, field implementation in Tanzania will occur, coupled with a prospective study to assess clinicians' adherence to the CDSS recommendations. Results: The TuberXpert project started in November 2022. In July 2024, the clinical study in Tanzania was completed with the enrollment of 50 patients to gather the required data to build a popPK model for rifampicin, together with a qualitative study defining the report design, as well as the CDSS general architecture definition. Conclusions: At the end of the TuberXpert project, Tanzania will possess a new tool to help the practitioners with the adaptation of drug dosage targeting complicated TB cases (TB or HIV, TB or diabetes mellitus, and TB or malnutrition). This automated system will be validated and used in the field and will be proposed to other countries affected by endemic TB. In addition, this approach will serve as proof of concept regarding the feasibility and suitability of CDSS-assisted TDM for further anti-TB drugs in TB-burdened areas deprived of TDM experts, including second-line treatments considered important to monitor. International Registered Report Identifier (irrid): DERR1-10.2196/58720. (©Yann Thoma, Annie E Cathignol, Yuan J Pétermann, Margaretha L Sariko, Bibie Said, Chantal Csajka, Monia Guidi, Stellah G Mpagama. Originally published in JMIR Research Protocols (https://www.researchprotocols.org), 21.10.2024.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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