Variable habitat use supports fine-scale population differentiation of a freshwater piscivore (northern pike, Esox lucius) along salinity gradients in brackish lagoons.

Autor: Rittweg TD; Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Müggelseedamm 310, 12587, Berlin, Berlin, Germany. timo.rittweg@igb-berlin.de.; Division of Integrative Fisheries Management, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Unter den Linden 6, 10099, Berlin, Germany. timo.rittweg@igb-berlin.de., Trueman C; School of Ocean and Earth Science, University of Southampton Waterfront Campus, European Way, Southampton, SO143ZH, UK., Wiedenbeck M; German Research Center for Geosciences (GFZ) Potsdam, Telegrafenberg, 14473, Potsdam, Brandenburg, Germany., Fietzke J; GEOMAR Helmholtz Center for Ocean Research Kiel, Wischhofstr. 1-3, 24148, Kiel, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany., Wolter C; Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Müggelseedamm 310, 12587, Berlin, Berlin, Germany., Talluto L; Research Group Fluvial Ecosystem Ecology, Department of Ecology, University of Innsbruck, Technikerstr. 25, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria., Dennenmoser S; Working Group Ecological Genomics, Institute of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl Von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Carl Von Ossietzky-Str. 9-11, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany., Nolte A; Working Group Ecological Genomics, Institute of Biology and Environmental Sciences, Carl Von Ossietzky Universität Oldenburg, Carl Von Ossietzky-Str. 9-11, 26111, Oldenburg, Germany., Arlinghaus R; Leibniz Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries (IGB), Müggelseedamm 310, 12587, Berlin, Berlin, Germany.; Division of Integrative Fisheries Management, Faculty of Life Sciences, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Unter den Linden 6, 10099, Berlin, Germany.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Oecologia [Oecologia] 2024 Dec; Vol. 206 (3-4), pp. 275-292. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 18.
DOI: 10.1007/s00442-024-05627-7
Abstrakt: In mobile animals, selection pressures resulting from spatio-temporally varying ecological factors often drive adaptations in migration behavior and associated physiological phenotypes. These adaptations may manifest in ecologically and genetically distinct ecotypes within populations. We studied a meta-population of northern pike (Esox lucius) in brackish environments and examined intrapopulation divergence along environmental gradients. Behavioral phenotypes in habitat use were characterized via otolith microchemistry in 120 individuals sampled from brackish lagoons and adjacent freshwater tributaries. We genotyped 1514 individual pike at 33 highly informative genetic markers. The relationship between behavioral phenotype and genotype was examined in a subset of 101 pikes for which both phenotypic and genomic data were available. Thermosaline differences between juvenile and adult life stages indicated ontogenetic shifts from warm, low-saline early habitats towards colder, higher-saline adult habitats. Four behavioral phenotypes were found: Freshwater residents, anadromous, brackish residents, and cross-habitat individuals, the latter showing intermediary habitat use between brackish and freshwater areas. Underlying the behavioral phenotypes were four genotypes, putative freshwater, putative anadromous, and two putatively brackish genotypes. Through phenotype-genotype matching, three ecotypes were identified: (i) a brackish resident ecotype, (ii) a freshwater ecotype expressing freshwater residency or anadromy, and (iii) a previously undescribed intermediary cross-habitat ecotype adapted to intermediate salinities, showing limited reliance on freshwater. Life-time growth of all ecotypes was similar, suggesting comparable fitness. By combining genetic data with lifelong habitat use and growth as a fitness surrogate, our study revealed strong differentiation in response to abiotic environmental gradients, primarily salinity, indicating ecotype diversity in coastal northern pike is higher than previously believed.
Competing Interests: Declarations. Conflicts of interest: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest. Ethics approval: All applicable institutional and/or national guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed. Fish were sampled in accordance with permit 7308.2 of the Landesamt für Landwirtschaft, Lebensmittelsicherheit und Fischerei (LALLF MV). Sampling in national park Vorpommernsche Boddenlandschaft was carried out in accordance with permit 21/5320.142, Nationalparkamt Vorpommern, sampling in biosphere reserve Südost-Rügen was carried out in accordance with permit 5321.2/FM/SchnB.Nr.20002, Biosphärenreservatsamt. Sampling in nature reserves was carried out in accordance with permit 5328.1.99/654–19-40–3 of the Staatliches Amt für Landwirtschaft und Umwelt (STALU MV). Sampling of freshwater tributaries was carried out with permission by the Landesanglerverband Mecklenburg-Vorpommern e.V. (LAVB MV). Consent to participate: Not applicable. Consent for publication: Not applicable.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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