Demystifying Obesity: Understanding, Prevention, Treatment, and Stigmas.

Autor:	Minari TP; Department of Hypertension, State Faculty of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, SP, Brazil., Manzano CF; Department of Hypertension, State Faculty of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, SP, Brazil., Yugar LBT; School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil., Sedenho-Prado LG; School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil., de Azevedo Rubio T; Cardiovascular Pharmacology & Hypertension Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil., Tácito LHB; Department of Endocrinology, State Faculty of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, SP, Brazil., Pires AC; Department of Endocrinology, State Faculty of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, SP, Brazil., Vilela-Martin JF; Department of Hypertension, State Faculty of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, SP, Brazil., Cosenso-Martin LN; Department of Endocrinology, State Faculty of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, SP, Brazil., Ludovico ND; Department of Health-Medical College, State University of Santa Cruz (UESC), Salobrinho, Ilhéus 45662-900, Bahia, Brazil., Fattori A; Cardiovascular Pharmacology & Hypertension Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil., Yugar-Toledo JC; Department of Hypertension, State Faculty of Medicine of São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), São José do Rio Preto 15090-000, SP, Brazil., Moreno H; Cardiovascular Pharmacology & Hypertension Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil., Pisani LP; Department of Bioscience, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos 11015-020, SP, Brazil.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Nutrition reviews [Nutr Rev] 2024 Oct 17. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 17.
DOI:	10.1093/nutrit/nuae144
Abstrakt:	Obesity is a complex chronic disease that affects millions of people worldwide. There is still significant stigma associated with it, which can lead to discrimination and create additional barriers for people who are already in treatment. On the other hand, it is noted that it can have serious implications for health and predisposition to noncommunicable chronic diseases. In this sense, the objective of this study was to carry out a narrative review involving all current elements for understanding, prevention, treatment, and debate of stigmas related to obesity. A search was conducted in 2024 for original articles, randomized or nonrandomized clinical trials, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and guidelines in the following databases: Pubmed, Scielo, Web of Science, CrossRef, and Google Scholar. The publication period was from 2014 to 2024. Obesity is influenced by a complex combination of genetic, environmental, and psychological factors. It is encouraging to see that various emerging points have been identified across different fields such as histology, physiology, genetics, weight loss, and public policy. These obesity areas certainly warrant attention and future studies. Researchers can delve into these topics to deepen their understanding and potentially uncover novel insights. The management should be multifactorial and individualized for each patient. Public policies also play a crucial role in combating obesity, including health promotion, prevention of excessive weight gain, early diagnosis, and proper care of patients. It is crucial that society begins to see the disease as an extremely complex element and not as a moral failure or lack of willpower. This requires a change in the way people talk about obesity, as well as practices that support people instead of stigmatizing them. Obesity does not have a specific address, color, or race. It belongs to everyone and should be regarded as a global public health problem. (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the International Life Sciences Institute. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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