| Autor: |
Vithani N; OpenEye, Cadence Molecular Sciences, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87508, United States., Zhang S; OpenEye, Cadence Molecular Sciences, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87508, United States., Thompson JP; OpenEye, Cadence Molecular Sciences, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87508, United States., Patel LA; OpenEye, Cadence Molecular Sciences, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87508, United States., Demidov A; OpenEye, Cadence Molecular Sciences, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87508, United States., Xia J; OpenEye, Cadence Molecular Sciences, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87508, United States., Balaeff A; Black Diamond Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States., Mentes A; Black Diamond Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States., Arnautova YA; Black Diamond Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States., Kohlmann A; Black Diamond Therapeutics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, United States., Lawson JD; Mirati Therapeutics, Inc., San Diego, California 92121, United States., Nicholls A; OpenEye, Cadence Molecular Sciences, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87508, United States., Skillman AG; OpenEye, Cadence Molecular Sciences, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87508, United States., LeBard DN; OpenEye, Cadence Molecular Sciences, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87508, United States. |
| Abstrakt: |
Identification of cryptic pockets has the potential to open new therapeutic opportunities by discovering ligand binding sites that remain hidden in static apo structures of a target protein. Moreover, allosteric cryptic pockets can become valuable for designing target-selective ligands when the natural ligand binding sites are conserved in variants of a protein. For example, before an allosteric cryptic pocket was discovered, KRAS was considered undruggable due to its smooth surface and conservation of the GDP/GTP binding pocket across the wild type and oncogenic isoforms. Recent identification of the Switch-II cryptic pocket in the KRAS G12C mutant and FDA approval of anticancer drugs targeting this site underscores the importance of cryptic pockets in solving pharmaceutical challenges. Here, we present a newly developed approach for the exploration of cryptic pockets using weighted ensemble molecular dynamics simulations with inherent normal modes as progress coordinates applied to the wild type KRAS and the G12D mutant. We performed extensive all-atomic simulations (>400 μs) with and without several cosolvents (xenon, ethanol, benzene), and analyzed trajectories using three distinct methods to search for potential binding pockets. These methods have been applied as a proof-of-concept to KRAS and have shown they can predict known cryptic binding sites. Furthermore, we performed ligand-binding simulations of a known inhibitor (MRTX1133) to shed light on the nature of cryptic pockets in KRAS G12D and the role of conformational selection vs induced-fit mechanism in the formation of these cryptic pockets. |
