Mechanism of bacterial predation via ixotrophy.

Autor:	Lien YW; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland., Amendola D; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland., Lee KS; Institute of Environmental Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland., Bartlau N; Division of Microbial Ecology, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria., Xu J; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland., Furusawa G; Centre for Chemical Biology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11900 Bayan Lepas, Malaysia., Polz MF; Division of Microbial Ecology, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, 1030 Vienna, Austria., Stocker R; Institute of Environmental Engineering, Department of Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland., Weiss GL; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland., Pilhofer M; Institute of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Science (New York, N.Y.) [Science] 2024 Oct 18; Vol. 386 (6719), pp. eadp0614. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 18.
DOI:	10.1126/science.adp0614
Abstrakt:	Ixotrophy is a contact-dependent predatory strategy of filamentous bacteria in aquatic environments for which the molecular mechanism remains unknown. We show that predator-prey contact can be established by gliding motility or extracellular assemblages we call "grappling hooks." Cryo-electron microscopy identified the grappling hooks as heptamers of a type IX secretion system substrate. After close predator-prey contact is established, cryo-electron tomography and functional assays showed that puncturing by a type VI secretion system mediated killing. Single-cell analyses with stable isotope-labeled prey revealed that prey components are taken up by the attacker. Depending on nutrient availability, insertion sequence elements toggle the activity of ixotrophy. A marine metagenomic time series shows coupled dynamics of ixotrophic bacteria and prey. We found that the mechanism of ixotrophy involves multiple cellular machineries, is conserved, and may shape microbial populations in the environment.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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