Translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 in Kinyarwanda for primary care in the United States.

Autor: Müller F; Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America.; Corewell Health Family Medicine Residency Clinic, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America.; Department of General Practice, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany., Hansen A; Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America., Kube M; Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America.; Graduate Medical Education in Psychiatry, Trinity Health Livonia Hospital, Livonia, Michigan, United States of America., Arnetz JE; Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America., Alshaarawy O; Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, United States of America., Achtyes ED; Department of Psychiatry, Western Michigan University Homer Stryker M.D. School of Medicine, Kalamazoo, Michigan, United States of America., Holman HT; Department of Family Medicine, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America.; Corewell Health Family Medicine Residency Clinic, Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States of America.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2024 Oct 17; Vol. 19 (10), pp. e0302953. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 17 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302953
Abstrakt: Background: Depression and anxiety are significant health burdens that greatly impact the quality of life of refugees and migrants. In this study, we have translated and culturally adapted the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Screener (GAD-7) into Kinyarwanda and performed a validation study in a United States (US) primary care setting.
Methods: A committee of seven experts including psychiatric and family medicine providers, health researchers, and trained medical interpreters translated and culturally adapted the PHQ-9 and GAD-7, and incorporated feedback from cognitive interviews with bilingual participants. The translated instruments were then tested in a cross-sectional validation study. Analyses include internal consistency, discriminant validity, principal component analyses, and confirmatory factor analyses.
Results: Analyses of 119 responses indicated overall good internal consistency with Cronbach's α of 0.85 (PHQ-9) and 0.92 (GAD-7). Both scales showed acceptable factor loadings between 0.44 and 0.90 in the principal component analyses and showed strong correlations with health-related quality of life and depression/anxiety symptoms measured with visual analog scales. Significantly higher scores for PHQ-9 and GAD-7 were shown among participants with known psychiatric conditions.
Discussion: PHQ-9 and GAD-7 demonstrated commendable applicability for Kinyarwanda-speaking patients in primary healthcare settings in the US. Our instruments can already be used in primary care settings and thus help to mitigate health disparities. Future research should further validate our tool against gold-standard diagnostics in larger, geographically diverse samples.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
(Copyright: © 2024 Müller et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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