High CO 2 dampens then amplifies N-induced diversity loss over 24 years.

Autor: Reich PB; Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA. preich@umn.edu.; Institute for Global Change Biology, School for Environment and Sustainability, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. preich@umn.edu.; Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, New South Wales, Australia. preich@umn.edu., Mohanbabu N; Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA., Isbell F; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA., Hobbie SE; Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA., Butler EE; Department of Forest Resources, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nature [Nature] 2024 Nov; Vol. 635 (8038), pp. 370-375. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 16.
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-024-08066-9
Abstrakt: Rising levels of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) and nitrogen (N) deposition affect plant communities in numerous ways 1-11 . Nitrogen deposition causes local biodiversity loss globally 12-14 , but whether, and if so how, rising CO 2 concentrations amplify or dampen those losses remains unclear and is almost entirely unstudied. We addressed this knowledge gap with an open-air experiment in which 108 grassland plots were grown for 24 years under different CO 2 and N regimes. We initially found that adding N reduced plant species richness less at elevated than at ambient CO 2 . Over time, however, this interaction reversed, and elevated CO 2 amplified losses in diversity from enriched N, tripling reductions in species richness from N addition over the last eight years of the study. These interactions resulted from temporal changes in the drivers of diversity, especially light availability, that were in turn driven by CO 2 and N inputs and associated changes in plant biomass. This mechanism is likely to be similar in many grasslands, because additions of the plant resources CO 2 and N are likely to increase the abundance of the dominant species. If rising CO 2 generally exacerbates the widespread negative impacts of N deposition on plant diversity, this bodes poorly for the conservation of grassland biodiversity worldwide.
Competing Interests: Competing interests The authors declare no competing interests.
(© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: