Elucidating the role of MLL1 nsSNPs: Structural and functional alterations and their contribution to leukemia development.

Autor: Al-Nakhle HH; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Monawarah, Saudi Arabia., Yagoub HS; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Monawarah, Saudi Arabia.; Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan., Alrehaili RY; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Monawarah, Saudi Arabia., Shaqroon OA; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Monawarah, Saudi Arabia., Khan MK; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Monawarah, Saudi Arabia., Alsharif GS; Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taibah University, Al-Madinah Al-Monawarah, Saudi Arabia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2024 Oct 15; Vol. 19 (10), pp. e0304986. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 15 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304986
Abstrakt: (1) Background: The Mixed lineage leukemia 1 (MLL1) gene, located on chromosome 11q23, plays a pivotal role in histone lysine-specific methylation and is consistently associated with various types of leukemia. Non-synonymous Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (nsSNPs) have been tied to numerous diseases, including cancers, and have become valuable cancer biomarkers. There's a notable gap in studies probing the influence of SNPs on MLL1 protein structure, function, and subsequent modifications.
(2) Methods: We utilized an array of bioinformatics tools, including PredictSNP, InterPro, ConSurf, I-Mutant2.0, MUpro, Musitedeep, Project HOPE, RegulomeDB, Mutpred2, and both CScape and CScape Somatic, to meticulously analyze the consequences of nsSNPs in the MLL1 gene.
(3) Results: Out of 2,097 nsSNPs analyzed, 62 were determined to be significantly pathogenic by the PredictSNP tool, with ten crucial MLL1 functional domains identified using InterPro. Additionally, 50 of these nsSNPs had high conservation scores, hinting at potential effects on protein structure and function, while 32 were found to undermine MLL1 protein stability. Notably, four nsSNPs were deemed oncogenic, with two identified as cancer drivers. The nsSNP, D2724G, between the MLL1 protein's FY-rich domains, could disrupt proteolytic cleavage, altering gene expression patterns and potentially promoting cancer.
(4) Conclusions: Our research provides a comprehensive assessment of nsSNPs' impact in the MLL1 protein structure and function and consequently on leukemia development, suggesting potential avenues for personalized treatment, early detection, improved prognosis, and a deeper understanding of hematological malignancy genesis.
Competing Interests: NO authors have competing interests.
(Copyright: © 2024 Al-nakhle et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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