Deconstructing the geography of human impacts on species' natural distribution.

Autor: Waldock C; Aquatic Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. conor.waldock@unibe.ch.; Department of Fish Ecology and Evolution, EAWAG, Swiss Federal Institute for Aquatic Science and Technology, Kastanienbaum, Switzerland. conor.waldock@unibe.ch.; Wyss Academy for Nature at the University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland. conor.waldock@unibe.ch., Wegscheider B; Aquatic Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.; Department of Fish Ecology and Evolution, EAWAG, Swiss Federal Institute for Aquatic Science and Technology, Kastanienbaum, Switzerland.; Wyss Academy for Nature at the University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland., Josi D; Aquatic Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.; Department of Fish Ecology and Evolution, EAWAG, Swiss Federal Institute for Aquatic Science and Technology, Kastanienbaum, Switzerland.; Wyss Academy for Nature at the University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland., Calegari BB; Aquatic Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.; Department of Fish Ecology and Evolution, EAWAG, Swiss Federal Institute for Aquatic Science and Technology, Kastanienbaum, Switzerland.; Wyss Academy for Nature at the University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.; Department of Vertebrate Zoology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, United States of America., Brodersen J; Aquatic Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.; Department of Fish Ecology and Evolution, EAWAG, Swiss Federal Institute for Aquatic Science and Technology, Kastanienbaum, Switzerland., Jardim de Queiroz L; Aquatic Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.; Department of Fish Ecology and Evolution, EAWAG, Swiss Federal Institute for Aquatic Science and Technology, Kastanienbaum, Switzerland.; Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.; Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands., Seehausen O; Aquatic Ecology and Evolution, Institute of Ecology and Evolution, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.; Department of Fish Ecology and Evolution, EAWAG, Swiss Federal Institute for Aquatic Science and Technology, Kastanienbaum, Switzerland.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nature communications [Nat Commun] 2024 Oct 14; Vol. 15 (1), pp. 8852. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 14.
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-52993-0
Abstrakt: It remains unknown how species' populations across their geographic range are constrained by multiple coincident natural and anthropogenic environmental gradients. Conservation actions are likely undermined without this knowledge because the relative importance of the multiple anthropogenic threats is not set within the context of the natural determinants of species' distributions. We introduce the concept of a species 'shadow distribution' to address this knowledge gap, using explainable artificial intelligence to deconstruct the environmental building blocks of current species distributions. We assess shadow distributions for multiple threatened freshwater fishes in Switzerland which indicated how and where species respond negatively to threats - with negative threat impacts covering 88% of locations inside species' environmental niches leading to a 25% reduction in environmental suitability. Our findings highlight that conservation of species' geographic distributions is likely insufficient when biodiversity mapping is based on species distribution models, or threat mapping, without also quantifying species' expected or shadow distributions. Overall, we show how priority actions for nature's recovery can be identified and contextualised within the multiple natural constraints on biodiversity to better meet national and international biodiversity targets.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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