Trans Health is Public Health: The Prevalence of HIV Among Trans and Gender Expansive People in Kazakhstan.

Autor:	Reeder KG; Social Intervention Group, Columbia University School of Social Work, New York, NY, USA., Lee YG; Columbia University Global Health Research Center of Central Asia, Almaty, Kazakhstan.; Department of Social Work and Social Administration, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.; Social Intervention Group, Columbia University School of Social Work, New York, NY, USA., Sung J; Columbia University Global Health Research Center of Central Asia, Almaty, Kazakhstan., Vinogradov V; Columbia University Global Health Research Center of Central Asia, Almaty, Kazakhstan., Zhakupova G; Columbia University Global Health Research Center of Central Asia, Almaty, Kazakhstan., Mergenova G; Columbia University Global Health Research Center of Central Asia, Almaty, Kazakhstan., Davis A; Social Intervention Group, Columbia University School of Social Work, New York, NY, USA., Paine EA; Columbia University, New York, New NY, USA.; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, USA., Primbetova S; Columbia University Global Health Research Center of Central Asia, Almaty, Kazakhstan., Terlikbayeva A; Columbia University Global Health Research Center of Central Asia, Almaty, Kazakhstan., Kali S; Columbia University Global Health Research Center of Central Asia, Almaty, Kazakhstan., Hunt T; Social Intervention Group, Columbia University School of Social Work, New York, NY, USA., Wu E; Social Intervention Group, Columbia University School of Social Work, New York, NY, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Research square [Res Sq] 2024 Sep 24. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 24.
DOI:	10.21203/rs.3.rs-5124958/v1
Abstrakt:	Introduction: Trans and gender expansive (TGE) individuals around the world are at increased risk for contracting HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs), yet the combination of stigma, accessibility challenges, and a lack of trans-specific, trans-affirming interventions perpetuates rates of infection. Due to the severe paucity of data on TGE communities and HIV in Central Asia, this study describes HIV infections (both known and newly detected) and STIs among TGE in a multicity Kazakhstan study. Methods: This study utilized behavioral and biological assay data collected in a NIDA-funded clinical trial of a behavioral HIV preventive intervention for substance using cis and trans gay and bisexual men who have sex with men (GBMSM) across three Kazakhstan cities (Almaty, Astana, and Shymkent). We specifically focus on HIV infection, as well as three other STIs (chlamydia, gonorrhea, and syphilis), among 68 TGE individuals who participated in the trial from August 2018 to March 2022. Results: Findings reveal that while the majority (69%) of TGE participants have undergone HIV testing in their lifetime-with 32% having completed an HIV test in the prior 6 months-over a third (37%) of participants did not know their current HIV status. Fourteen (21%) of the participants were confirmed to be living with HIV, and 11 (79%) of these confirmed infections were reportedly unknown prior to testing. STI testing revealed that 47% of the TGE sample tested positive for chlamydia, gonorrhea, or syphilis, with almost 10% testing positive for more than one of these STIs. Conclusions: Findings from this study demonstrate high rates of HIV and STIs among TGE individuals in this sample population in Kazakhstan, as well as a discrepancy between HIV status awareness and confirmed HIV diagnosis (with higher rates of confirmed HIV diagnosis). Additionally, the HIV testing rates fall short of the 90-90-90 and 95-95-95 UNAIDS targets for 2020 and 2030, respectively. These results underscore the need for additional research, interventions, and services to address HIV and other STIs and increase testing-concomitantly redressing the conditions leading to marginalization-among TGE in Kazakhstan. Clinical Trial Number: NCT02786615. Competing Interests: COMPETING INTERESTS All authors have no competing financial or non-financial interest to declare. Additional Declarations: The authors declare no competing interests.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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