Pediatric MOG-Ab-Associated Encephalitis: Supporting Early Recognition and Treatment.

Autor:	Kim NN; From the Department of Neurology (N.N.K., O.A.-M., Y.H.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroinflammation (N.N.K., D.C., O.A.-M., C.H., O.C., Y.H.), Institute of Neurology, University College London; Children's Neurosciences (M.E., V.L., M.L., T.R.), Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Women and Children's Health (M.E., M.L., T.R.), School of Life Course Sciences (SoLCS), King's College London; Department of Paediatrics (A.S., S.R., J.P.), Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.V.C.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Translational and Clinical Research Sir James Spence Institute (R.F.), University of Newcastle, Royal Victoria Infirmary; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (R.K.), Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool; Department of Paediatric Neurology (D.R., Siobhan West), Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (E.W., Sukhvir Wright), Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroradiology (A.B., K.M.), Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street Hospital Trust, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (E.P.F.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Rochester, MN; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (O.C.); and Department of Neuroinflammation (O.C.), National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom., Champsas D; From the Department of Neurology (N.N.K., O.A.-M., Y.H.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroinflammation (N.N.K., D.C., O.A.-M., C.H., O.C., Y.H.), Institute of Neurology, University College London; Children's Neurosciences (M.E., V.L., M.L., T.R.), Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Women and Children's Health (M.E., M.L., T.R.), School of Life Course Sciences (SoLCS), King's College London; Department of Paediatrics (A.S., S.R., J.P.), Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.V.C.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Translational and Clinical Research Sir James Spence Institute (R.F.), University of Newcastle, Royal Victoria Infirmary; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (R.K.), Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool; Department of Paediatric Neurology (D.R., Siobhan West), Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (E.W., Sukhvir Wright), Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroradiology (A.B., K.M.), Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street Hospital Trust, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (E.P.F.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Rochester, MN; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (O.C.); and Department of Neuroinflammation (O.C.), National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom., Eyre M; From the Department of Neurology (N.N.K., O.A.-M., Y.H.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroinflammation (N.N.K., D.C., O.A.-M., C.H., O.C., Y.H.), Institute of Neurology, University College London; Children's Neurosciences (M.E., V.L., M.L., T.R.), Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Women and Children's Health (M.E., M.L., T.R.), School of Life Course Sciences (SoLCS), King's College London; Department of Paediatrics (A.S., S.R., J.P.), Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.V.C.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Translational and Clinical Research Sir James Spence Institute (R.F.), University of Newcastle, Royal Victoria Infirmary; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (R.K.), Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool; Department of Paediatric Neurology (D.R., Siobhan West), Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (E.W., Sukhvir Wright), Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroradiology (A.B., K.M.), Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street Hospital Trust, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (E.P.F.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Rochester, MN; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (O.C.); and Department of Neuroinflammation (O.C.), National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom., Abdel-Mannan O; From the Department of Neurology (N.N.K., O.A.-M., Y.H.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroinflammation (N.N.K., D.C., O.A.-M., C.H., O.C., Y.H.), Institute of Neurology, University College London; Children's Neurosciences (M.E., V.L., M.L., T.R.), Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Women and Children's Health (M.E., M.L., T.R.), School of Life Course Sciences (SoLCS), King's College London; Department of Paediatrics (A.S., S.R., J.P.), Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.V.C.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Translational and Clinical Research Sir James Spence Institute (R.F.), University of Newcastle, Royal Victoria Infirmary; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (R.K.), Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool; Department of Paediatric Neurology (D.R., Siobhan West), Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (E.W., Sukhvir Wright), Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroradiology (A.B., K.M.), Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street Hospital Trust, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (E.P.F.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Rochester, MN; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (O.C.); and Department of Neuroinflammation (O.C.), National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom., Lee V; From the Department of Neurology (N.N.K., O.A.-M., Y.H.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroinflammation (N.N.K., D.C., O.A.-M., C.H., O.C., Y.H.), Institute of Neurology, University College London; Children's Neurosciences (M.E., V.L., M.L., T.R.), Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Women and Children's Health (M.E., M.L., T.R.), School of Life Course Sciences (SoLCS), King's College London; Department of Paediatrics (A.S., S.R., J.P.), Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.V.C.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Translational and Clinical Research Sir James Spence Institute (R.F.), University of Newcastle, Royal Victoria Infirmary; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (R.K.), Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool; Department of Paediatric Neurology (D.R., Siobhan West), Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (E.W., Sukhvir Wright), Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroradiology (A.B., K.M.), Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street Hospital Trust, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (E.P.F.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Rochester, MN; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (O.C.); and Department of Neuroinflammation (O.C.), National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom., Skippen A; From the Department of Neurology (N.N.K., O.A.-M., Y.H.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroinflammation (N.N.K., D.C., O.A.-M., C.H., O.C., Y.H.), Institute of Neurology, University College London; Children's Neurosciences (M.E., V.L., M.L., T.R.), Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Women and Children's Health (M.E., M.L., T.R.), School of Life Course Sciences (SoLCS), King's College London; Department of Paediatrics (A.S., S.R., J.P.), Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.V.C.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Translational and Clinical Research Sir James Spence Institute (R.F.), University of Newcastle, Royal Victoria Infirmary; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (R.K.), Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool; Department of Paediatric Neurology (D.R., Siobhan West), Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (E.W., Sukhvir Wright), Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroradiology (A.B., K.M.), Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street Hospital Trust, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (E.P.F.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Rochester, MN; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (O.C.); and Department of Neuroinflammation (O.C.), National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom., Chitre MV; From the Department of Neurology (N.N.K., O.A.-M., Y.H.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroinflammation (N.N.K., D.C., O.A.-M., C.H., O.C., Y.H.), Institute of Neurology, University College London; Children's Neurosciences (M.E., V.L., M.L., T.R.), Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Women and Children's Health (M.E., M.L., T.R.), School of Life Course Sciences (SoLCS), King's College London; Department of Paediatrics (A.S., S.R., J.P.), Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.V.C.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Translational and Clinical Research Sir James Spence Institute (R.F.), University of Newcastle, Royal Victoria Infirmary; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (R.K.), Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool; Department of Paediatric Neurology (D.R., Siobhan West), Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (E.W., Sukhvir Wright), Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroradiology (A.B., K.M.), Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street Hospital Trust, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (E.P.F.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Rochester, MN; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (O.C.); and Department of Neuroinflammation (O.C.), National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom., Forsyth R; From the Department of Neurology (N.N.K., O.A.-M., Y.H.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroinflammation (N.N.K., D.C., O.A.-M., C.H., O.C., Y.H.), Institute of Neurology, University College London; Children's Neurosciences (M.E., V.L., M.L., T.R.), Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Women and Children's Health (M.E., M.L., T.R.), School of Life Course Sciences (SoLCS), King's College London; Department of Paediatrics (A.S., S.R., J.P.), Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.V.C.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Translational and Clinical Research Sir James Spence Institute (R.F.), University of Newcastle, Royal Victoria Infirmary; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (R.K.), Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool; Department of Paediatric Neurology (D.R., Siobhan West), Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (E.W., Sukhvir Wright), Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroradiology (A.B., K.M.), Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street Hospital Trust, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (E.P.F.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Rochester, MN; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (O.C.); and Department of Neuroinflammation (O.C.), National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom., Hemingway C; From the Department of Neurology (N.N.K., O.A.-M., Y.H.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroinflammation (N.N.K., D.C., O.A.-M., C.H., O.C., Y.H.), Institute of Neurology, University College London; Children's Neurosciences (M.E., V.L., M.L., T.R.), Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Women and Children's Health (M.E., M.L., T.R.), School of Life Course Sciences (SoLCS), King's College London; Department of Paediatrics (A.S., S.R., J.P.), Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.V.C.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Translational and Clinical Research Sir James Spence Institute (R.F.), University of Newcastle, Royal Victoria Infirmary; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (R.K.), Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool; Department of Paediatric Neurology (D.R., Siobhan West), Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (E.W., Sukhvir Wright), Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroradiology (A.B., K.M.), Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street Hospital Trust, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (E.P.F.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Rochester, MN; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (O.C.); and Department of Neuroinflammation (O.C.), National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom., Kneen R; From the Department of Neurology (N.N.K., O.A.-M., Y.H.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroinflammation (N.N.K., D.C., O.A.-M., C.H., O.C., Y.H.), Institute of Neurology, University College London; Children's Neurosciences (M.E., V.L., M.L., T.R.), Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Women and Children's Health (M.E., M.L., T.R.), School of Life Course Sciences (SoLCS), King's College London; Department of Paediatrics (A.S., S.R., J.P.), Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.V.C.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Translational and Clinical Research Sir James Spence Institute (R.F.), University of Newcastle, Royal Victoria Infirmary; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (R.K.), Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool; Department of Paediatric Neurology (D.R., Siobhan West), Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (E.W., Sukhvir Wright), Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroradiology (A.B., K.M.), Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street Hospital Trust, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (E.P.F.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Rochester, MN; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (O.C.); and Department of Neuroinflammation (O.C.), National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom., Lim M; From the Department of Neurology (N.N.K., O.A.-M., Y.H.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroinflammation (N.N.K., D.C., O.A.-M., C.H., O.C., Y.H.), Institute of Neurology, University College London; Children's Neurosciences (M.E., V.L., M.L., T.R.), Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Women and Children's Health (M.E., M.L., T.R.), School of Life Course Sciences (SoLCS), King's College London; Department of Paediatrics (A.S., S.R., J.P.), Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.V.C.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Translational and Clinical Research Sir James Spence Institute (R.F.), University of Newcastle, Royal Victoria Infirmary; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (R.K.), Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool; Department of Paediatric Neurology (D.R., Siobhan West), Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (E.W., Sukhvir Wright), Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroradiology (A.B., K.M.), Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street Hospital Trust, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (E.P.F.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Rochester, MN; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (O.C.); and Department of Neuroinflammation (O.C.), National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom., Ram D; From the Department of Neurology (N.N.K., O.A.-M., Y.H.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroinflammation (N.N.K., D.C., O.A.-M., C.H., O.C., Y.H.), Institute of Neurology, University College London; Children's Neurosciences (M.E., V.L., M.L., T.R.), Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Women and Children's Health (M.E., M.L., T.R.), School of Life Course Sciences (SoLCS), King's College London; Department of Paediatrics (A.S., S.R., J.P.), Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.V.C.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Translational and Clinical Research Sir James Spence Institute (R.F.), University of Newcastle, Royal Victoria Infirmary; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (R.K.), Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool; Department of Paediatric Neurology (D.R., Siobhan West), Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (E.W., Sukhvir Wright), Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroradiology (A.B., K.M.), Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street Hospital Trust, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (E.P.F.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Rochester, MN; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (O.C.); and Department of Neuroinflammation (O.C.), National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom., Ramdas S; From the Department of Neurology (N.N.K., O.A.-M., Y.H.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroinflammation (N.N.K., D.C., O.A.-M., C.H., O.C., Y.H.), Institute of Neurology, University College London; Children's Neurosciences (M.E., V.L., M.L., T.R.), Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Women and Children's Health (M.E., M.L., T.R.), School of Life Course Sciences (SoLCS), King's College London; Department of Paediatrics (A.S., S.R., J.P.), Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.V.C.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Translational and Clinical Research Sir James Spence Institute (R.F.), University of Newcastle, Royal Victoria Infirmary; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (R.K.), Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool; Department of Paediatric Neurology (D.R., Siobhan West), Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (E.W., Sukhvir Wright), Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroradiology (A.B., K.M.), Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street Hospital Trust, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (E.P.F.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Rochester, MN; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (O.C.); and Department of Neuroinflammation (O.C.), National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom., Wassmer E; From the Department of Neurology (N.N.K., O.A.-M., Y.H.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroinflammation (N.N.K., D.C., O.A.-M., C.H., O.C., Y.H.), Institute of Neurology, University College London; Children's Neurosciences (M.E., V.L., M.L., T.R.), Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Women and Children's Health (M.E., M.L., T.R.), School of Life Course Sciences (SoLCS), King's College London; Department of Paediatrics (A.S., S.R., J.P.), Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.V.C.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Translational and Clinical Research Sir James Spence Institute (R.F.), University of Newcastle, Royal Victoria Infirmary; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (R.K.), Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool; Department of Paediatric Neurology (D.R., Siobhan West), Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (E.W., Sukhvir Wright), Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroradiology (A.B., K.M.), Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street Hospital Trust, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (E.P.F.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Rochester, MN; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (O.C.); and Department of Neuroinflammation (O.C.), National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom., West S; From the Department of Neurology (N.N.K., O.A.-M., Y.H.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroinflammation (N.N.K., D.C., O.A.-M., C.H., O.C., Y.H.), Institute of Neurology, University College London; Children's Neurosciences (M.E., V.L., M.L., T.R.), Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Women and Children's Health (M.E., M.L., T.R.), School of Life Course Sciences (SoLCS), King's College London; Department of Paediatrics (A.S., S.R., J.P.), Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.V.C.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Translational and Clinical Research Sir James Spence Institute (R.F.), University of Newcastle, Royal Victoria Infirmary; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (R.K.), Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool; Department of Paediatric Neurology (D.R., Siobhan West), Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (E.W., Sukhvir Wright), Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroradiology (A.B., K.M.), Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street Hospital Trust, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (E.P.F.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Rochester, MN; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (O.C.); and Department of Neuroinflammation (O.C.), National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom., Wright S; From the Department of Neurology (N.N.K., O.A.-M., Y.H.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroinflammation (N.N.K., D.C., O.A.-M., C.H., O.C., Y.H.), Institute of Neurology, University College London; Children's Neurosciences (M.E., V.L., M.L., T.R.), Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Women and Children's Health (M.E., M.L., T.R.), School of Life Course Sciences (SoLCS), King's College London; Department of Paediatrics (A.S., S.R., J.P.), Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.V.C.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Translational and Clinical Research Sir James Spence Institute (R.F.), University of Newcastle, Royal Victoria Infirmary; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (R.K.), Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool; Department of Paediatric Neurology (D.R., Siobhan West), Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (E.W., Sukhvir Wright), Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroradiology (A.B., K.M.), Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street Hospital Trust, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (E.P.F.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Rochester, MN; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (O.C.); and Department of Neuroinflammation (O.C.), National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom., Biswas A; From the Department of Neurology (N.N.K., O.A.-M., Y.H.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroinflammation (N.N.K., D.C., O.A.-M., C.H., O.C., Y.H.), Institute of Neurology, University College London; Children's Neurosciences (M.E., V.L., M.L., T.R.), Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Women and Children's Health (M.E., M.L., T.R.), School of Life Course Sciences (SoLCS), King's College London; Department of Paediatrics (A.S., S.R., J.P.), Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.V.C.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Translational and Clinical Research Sir James Spence Institute (R.F.), University of Newcastle, Royal Victoria Infirmary; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (R.K.), Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool; Department of Paediatric Neurology (D.R., Siobhan West), Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (E.W., Sukhvir Wright), Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroradiology (A.B., K.M.), Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street Hospital Trust, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (E.P.F.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Rochester, MN; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (O.C.); and Department of Neuroinflammation (O.C.), National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom., Mankad K; From the Department of Neurology (N.N.K., O.A.-M., Y.H.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroinflammation (N.N.K., D.C., O.A.-M., C.H., O.C., Y.H.), Institute of Neurology, University College London; Children's Neurosciences (M.E., V.L., M.L., T.R.), Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Women and Children's Health (M.E., M.L., T.R.), School of Life Course Sciences (SoLCS), King's College London; Department of Paediatrics (A.S., S.R., J.P.), Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.V.C.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Translational and Clinical Research Sir James Spence Institute (R.F.), University of Newcastle, Royal Victoria Infirmary; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (R.K.), Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool; Department of Paediatric Neurology (D.R., Siobhan West), Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (E.W., Sukhvir Wright), Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroradiology (A.B., K.M.), Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street Hospital Trust, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (E.P.F.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Rochester, MN; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (O.C.); and Department of Neuroinflammation (O.C.), National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom., Flanagan EP; From the Department of Neurology (N.N.K., O.A.-M., Y.H.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroinflammation (N.N.K., D.C., O.A.-M., C.H., O.C., Y.H.), Institute of Neurology, University College London; Children's Neurosciences (M.E., V.L., M.L., T.R.), Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Women and Children's Health (M.E., M.L., T.R.), School of Life Course Sciences (SoLCS), King's College London; Department of Paediatrics (A.S., S.R., J.P.), Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.V.C.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Translational and Clinical Research Sir James Spence Institute (R.F.), University of Newcastle, Royal Victoria Infirmary; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (R.K.), Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool; Department of Paediatric Neurology (D.R., Siobhan West), Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (E.W., Sukhvir Wright), Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroradiology (A.B., K.M.), Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street Hospital Trust, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (E.P.F.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Rochester, MN; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (O.C.); and Department of Neuroinflammation (O.C.), National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom., Palace J; From the Department of Neurology (N.N.K., O.A.-M., Y.H.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroinflammation (N.N.K., D.C., O.A.-M., C.H., O.C., Y.H.), Institute of Neurology, University College London; Children's Neurosciences (M.E., V.L., M.L., T.R.), Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Women and Children's Health (M.E., M.L., T.R.), School of Life Course Sciences (SoLCS), King's College London; Department of Paediatrics (A.S., S.R., J.P.), Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.V.C.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Translational and Clinical Research Sir James Spence Institute (R.F.), University of Newcastle, Royal Victoria Infirmary; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (R.K.), Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool; Department of Paediatric Neurology (D.R., Siobhan West), Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (E.W., Sukhvir Wright), Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroradiology (A.B., K.M.), Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street Hospital Trust, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (E.P.F.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Rochester, MN; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (O.C.); and Department of Neuroinflammation (O.C.), National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom., Rossor T; From the Department of Neurology (N.N.K., O.A.-M., Y.H.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroinflammation (N.N.K., D.C., O.A.-M., C.H., O.C., Y.H.), Institute of Neurology, University College London; Children's Neurosciences (M.E., V.L., M.L., T.R.), Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Women and Children's Health (M.E., M.L., T.R.), School of Life Course Sciences (SoLCS), King's College London; Department of Paediatrics (A.S., S.R., J.P.), Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.V.C.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Translational and Clinical Research Sir James Spence Institute (R.F.), University of Newcastle, Royal Victoria Infirmary; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (R.K.), Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool; Department of Paediatric Neurology (D.R., Siobhan West), Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (E.W., Sukhvir Wright), Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroradiology (A.B., K.M.), Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street Hospital Trust, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (E.P.F.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Rochester, MN; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (O.C.); and Department of Neuroinflammation (O.C.), National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom., Ciccarelli O; From the Department of Neurology (N.N.K., O.A.-M., Y.H.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroinflammation (N.N.K., D.C., O.A.-M., C.H., O.C., Y.H.), Institute of Neurology, University College London; Children's Neurosciences (M.E., V.L., M.L., T.R.), Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Women and Children's Health (M.E., M.L., T.R.), School of Life Course Sciences (SoLCS), King's College London; Department of Paediatrics (A.S., S.R., J.P.), Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.V.C.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Translational and Clinical Research Sir James Spence Institute (R.F.), University of Newcastle, Royal Victoria Infirmary; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (R.K.), Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool; Department of Paediatric Neurology (D.R., Siobhan West), Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (E.W., Sukhvir Wright), Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroradiology (A.B., K.M.), Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street Hospital Trust, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (E.P.F.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Rochester, MN; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (O.C.); and Department of Neuroinflammation (O.C.), National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom., Hacohen Y; From the Department of Neurology (N.N.K., O.A.-M., Y.H.), Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroinflammation (N.N.K., D.C., O.A.-M., C.H., O.C., Y.H.), Institute of Neurology, University College London; Children's Neurosciences (M.E., V.L., M.L., T.R.), Evelina London Children's Hospital, Guy's and St Thomas NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Women and Children's Health (M.E., M.L., T.R.), School of Life Course Sciences (SoLCS), King's College London; Department of Paediatrics (A.S., S.R., J.P.), Children's Hospital, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Paediatric Neurology (M.V.C.), Addenbrooke's Hospital, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Translational and Clinical Research Sir James Spence Institute (R.F.), University of Newcastle, Royal Victoria Infirmary; Department of Neurology (R.F.), Great North Children's Hospital, Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (R.K.), Alder Hey Children's Hospital, Alder Hey Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool; Department of Paediatric Neurology (D.R., Siobhan West), Royal Manchester Children's Hospital, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neurology (E.W., Sukhvir Wright), Birmingham Children's Hospital, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust; Department of Neuroradiology (A.B., K.M.), Great Ormond Street Hospital, Great Ormond Street Hospital Trust, London, United Kingdom; Department of Neurology (E.P.F.), Laboratory Medicine and Pathology and Center for Multiple Sclerosis and Autoimmune Neurology, Rochester, MN; NIHR University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (O.C.); and Department of Neuroinflammation (O.C.), National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College London Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Neurology(R) neuroimmunology & neuroinflammation [Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm] 2024 Dec; Vol. 11 (6), pp. e200323. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 11.
DOI:	10.1212/NXI.0000000000200323
Abstrakt:	Background and Objectives: Antibodies to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG-Ab) have recently been reported in patients with encephalitis who do not fulfill criteria for acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). We evaluated a cohort of these children and compared them with children with ADEM. Methods: This retrospective, multicenter cohort study comprised consecutive patients <18 years of age with MOG-Ab who fulfilled criteria for autoimmune encephalitis. These patients were stratified into (1) children not fulfilling criteria for ADEM (encephalitis phenotype) and (2) children with ADEM. Clinical/paraclinical data were extracted from the electronic records. Comparisons were made using the Mann-Whitney U test and χ 2 Fisher exact test for statistical analysis. Results: From 235 patients with positive MOG-Ab, we identified 33 (14%) with encephalitis and 74 (31%) with ADEM. The most common presenting symptoms in children with encephalitis were headache (88%), seizures (73%), and fever (67%). Infective meningoencephalitis was the initial diagnosis in 67%. CSF pleocytosis was seen in 79%. Initial MRI brain was normal in 8/33 (24%) patients. When abnormal, multifocal cortical changes were seen in 66% and unilateral cortical changes in 18%. Restricted diffusion was demonstrated in 43%. Intra-attack new lesions were seen in 7/13 (54%). When comparing with children with ADEM, children with encephalitis were older (median 8.9 vs 5.7 years, p = 0.005), were more likely to be admitted to intensive care (14/34 vs 4/74, p < 0.0001), were given steroid later (median 16.6 vs 9.6 days, p = 0.04), and were more likely to be diagnosed with epilepsy at last follow-up (6/33 vs 1/74, p = 0.003). Discussion: MOG-Ab should be tested in all patients with suspected encephalitis even in the context of initially normal brain MRI. Although exclusion of infections should be part of the diagnostic process of any child with encephalitis, in immunocompetent children, when herpes simplex virus CSF PCR and gram stains are negative, these features do not preclude the diagnosis of immune mediated disease and should not delay initiation of first-line immunosuppression (steroids, IVIG, plasma exchange), even while awaiting the antibody results.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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