Rapid evolution of mitochondrion-related genes in haplodiploid arthropods.

Autor: Li Y; State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Green Plant Protection of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Virology, Ningbo University, Ningbo, 315211, China. lyy0005@gmail.com., Thomas GWC; Department of Biology, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.; Department of Computer Science, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA.; Current Address: Informatics Group, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA., Richards S; Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX, USA., Waterhouse RM; Department of Ecology & Evolution and Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, University of Lausanne, 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland., Zhou X; Department of Entomology, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China., Pfrender ME; Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN, USA.; Environmental Change Initiative, Notre Dame, IN, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: BMC biology [BMC Biol] 2024 Oct 10; Vol. 22 (1), pp. 229. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 10.
DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-02027-4
Abstrakt: Background: Mitochondrial genes and nuclear genes cooperate closely to maintain the functions of mitochondria, especially in the oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) pathway. However, mitochondrial genes among arthropod lineages have dramatic evolutionary rate differences. Haplodiploid arthropods often show fast-evolving mitochondrial genes. One hypothesis predicts that the small effective population size of haplodiploid species could enhance the effect of genetic drift leading to higher substitution rates in mitochondrial and nuclear genes. Alternatively, positive selection or compensatory changes in nuclear OXPHOS genes could lead to the fast-evolving mitochondrial genes. However, due to the limited number of arthropod genomes, the rates of evolution for nuclear genes in haplodiploid species, besides hymenopterans, are largely unknown. To test these hypotheses, we used data from 76 arthropod genomes, including 5 independently evolved haplodiploid lineages, to estimate the evolutionary rates and patterns of gene family turnover of mitochondrial and nuclear genes.
Results: We show that five haplodiploid lineages tested here have fast-evolving mitochondrial genes and fast-evolving nuclear genes related to mitochondrial functions, while nuclear genes not related to mitochondrion showed no significant evolutionary rate differences. Among hymenopterans, bees and ants show faster rates of molecular evolution in mitochondrial genes and mitochondrion-related nuclear genes than sawflies and wasps. With genome data, we also find gene family expansions and contractions in mitochondrion-related genes of bees and ants.
Conclusions: Our results reject the small population size hypothesis in haplodiploid species. A combination of positive selection and compensatory changes could lead to the observed patterns in haplodiploid species. The elevated evolutionary rates in OXPHOS complex 2 genes of bees and ants suggest a unique evolutionary history of social hymenopterans.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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