Mental Health Problems Among Indonesian Adolescents: Findings of a Cross-Sectional Study Utilizing Validated Scales and Innovative Sampling Methods.

Autor: Pham MD; Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia. Electronic address: minh.pham@burnet.edu.au., Wulan NR; Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia., Sawyer SM; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Adolescent Health, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia., Agius PA; Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, Australia., Fisher J; Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia., Tran T; Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia., Medise BE; Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia; Department of Child Health, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia., Devaera Y; Department of Child Health, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia., Riyanti A; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia., Ansariadi A; Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health Studies, Faculty of Public Health, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia., Cini K; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Adolescent Health, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia., Kennedy E; Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Epidemiology and Preventative Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia., Wiweko B; Research and Social Services, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia., Luchters S; Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (LSTM), Liverpool, United Kingdom; Centre for Sexual Health and HIV & AIDS Research (CeSHHAR), Zimbabwe, Harare, Zimbabwe; Department of Public Health and Primary Care, International Centre for Reproductive Health, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium., Kaligis F; Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia; Department of Psychiatry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia., Wiguna T; Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia; Department of Psychiatry, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia., Azzopardi PS; Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Australia; Centre for Adolescent Health, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia; South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, Australia. Electronic address: peter.azzopardi@mcri.edu.au.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine [J Adolesc Health] 2024 Dec; Vol. 75 (6), pp. 929-938. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 10.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2024.07.016
Abstrakt: Purpose: This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of mental health problems and identify potential risk and protective exposures for adolescents in Indonesia.
Methods: An innovative sampling approach was applied to simultaneously recruit school- and community-based adolescents aged 16-18 years old from Jakarta (urban megacity) and South Sulawesi (remote province). We used multistage cluster sampling for in-school (N = 1,337) and respondent driven sampling for out-of-school (N = 824) adolescents. Mental health was measured using two validated scales: Kessler-10 and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale-Revised. Psychiatric interviews were conducted in a subsample (N = 196) of students from Jakarta to validate the self-report scales.
Results: The estimated population prevalence of psychological distress and depression were 24.3% (95% CI = 21.5-27.2) and 12.6% (10.5-14.4) for in-school and 23.7% (20.7-26.7) and 23.5% (20.4-26.5) for out-of-school adolescents, respectively. In participants who completed a psychiatric interview, common psychiatric morbidities were social anxiety, depression, and suicidality. Compared to in-school females, male in-school adolescents reported a lower prevalence of psychological distress (16.9% (13.1-20.7) vs. 30.4% (26.4-34.4)) and depression (10.1% (7.2-13.1) vs. 14.6 (11.4-17.8)). By contrast, for out-of-school adolescents, males reported a higher prevalence of psychological distress (25.2% (21.6-28.9) vs. 20.2% (15.1-25.3)) and depression (26.3% (22.5-30.1) vs. 16.9% (11.8-21.9)). In-school adolescents who did not seek healthcare despite a perceived need were more likely to report psychological distress and depression.
Discussion: Adolescent mental health problems are highly prevalent in Indonesia, with substantial variation by gender, geography, and school enrolment. This study and its approach to sampling and measurement may serve as a model to improving mental health surveillance across other settings.
(Copyright © 2024 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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