Vaccine responses and hybrid immunity in people living with HIV after SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections.

Autor: Alirezaylavasani A; Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.; KG Jebsen Centre for B Cell Malignancies, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.; Precision Immunotherapy Alliance, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway., Skeie LG; Department of Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway., Egner IM; Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.; KG Jebsen Centre for B Cell Malignancies, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.; Precision Immunotherapy Alliance, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway., Chopra A; Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.; Precision Immunotherapy Alliance, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.; ImmunoLingo Convergence Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway., Dahl TB; Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.; Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway., Prebensen C; Department of Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway., Vaage JT; Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway., Halvorsen B; Research Institute of Internal Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway., Lund-Johansen F; Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.; Precision Immunotherapy Alliance, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.; ImmunoLingo Convergence Center, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway., Tonby K; Department of Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway., Reikvam DH; Department of Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway., Stiksrud B; Department of Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway., Holter JC; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.; Department of Microbiology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway., Dyrhol-Riise AM; Department of Infectious Diseases, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.; Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway., Munthe LA; Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. l.a.munthe@medisin.uio.no.; KG Jebsen Centre for B Cell Malignancies, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. l.a.munthe@medisin.uio.no.; Precision Immunotherapy Alliance, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. l.a.munthe@medisin.uio.no., Kared H; Department of Immunology, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. hassen.kared@medisin.uio.no.; KG Jebsen Centre for B Cell Malignancies, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. hassen.kared@medisin.uio.no.; Precision Immunotherapy Alliance, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. hassen.kared@medisin.uio.no.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: NPJ vaccines [NPJ Vaccines] 2024 Oct 09; Vol. 9 (1), pp. 185. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 09.
DOI: 10.1038/s41541-024-00972-3
Abstrakt: The COVID-19 pandemic posed a challenge for people living with HIV (PLWH), particularly immune non-responders (INR) with compromised CD4 T-cell reconstitution following antiretroviral therapy (CD4 count <350 cells per mm 3 ). Their diminished vaccine responses raised concerns about their vulnerability to SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough infections (BTI). Our in-depth study here revealed chronic inflammation in PLWH and a limited anti-Spike IgG response after vaccination in INR. Nevertheless, the imprinting of Spike-specific B cells by vaccination significantly enhanced the humoral responses after BTI. Notably, the magnitude of cellular CD4 response in all PLWH was comparable to that in healthy donors (HD). However, the polyfunctionality and phenotype of Spike-specific CD8 T cells in INR differed from controls. The findings highlight the need for additional boosters with variant vaccines, and for monitoring ART adherence and the durability of both humoral and cellular anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunity in INR.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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